Shiray T. V., Pastukhova V. A.

AGE-RELATED FEATURES OF HEMODYNAMIC RESPONSE AND POST-EXERCISE RECOVERY IN TRACK AND FIELD ATHLETES UNDER LINEAR VESTIBULAR LOADING

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About the author:

Shiray T. V., Pastukhova V. A.

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SPORT MEDICINE

Type of article:

Scientific article

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Vestibular loading is an important component of athletic activity, particularly in sports involving repeated linear accelerations, decelerations, and rapid changes in body position. The cardiovascular response to such stimulation results from the interaction between central hemodynamics, peripheral vascular regulation, and autonomic nervous system activity. However, age-related differences in the relative contribution of heart rate and stroke volume to the hemodynamic response, as well as the temporal pattern of recovery of individual cardiovascular and autonomic components after vestibular loading, remain insufficiently understood. Aim – to determine agerelated features of the relationship between the volumetric and frequency components of the hemodynamic response in track and field athletes exposed to linear vestibular loading and to assess post-exercise recovery of central hemodynamics, peripheral vascular regulation, and autonomic function. The study included data from 30 male track and field athletes specializing in the long jump. The participants were divided into three age groups of 10 athletes each: adolescents aged 14–16 years, young athletes aged 17–20 years, and athletes of the first mature age period aged 22–27 years. Cardiovascular parameters were evaluated at rest, after active linear vestibular loading, after sequential passive and active vestibular stimulation, and during the early recovery period 15–30 minutes after loading. Electrocardiography, tetrapolar thoracic rheography, and polycardiography were used. Heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, cardiac index, total and specific peripheral vascular resistance, arterial tone, and the vegetative index were assessed. A secondary descriptive analysis was additionally performed using the ratio between the relative changes in stroke volume and heart rate (ΔSV/ΔHR). Since this index was calculated from aggregated group data, no separate inferential statistical testing was performed for the ratio. After active vestibular loading, the ΔSV/ΔHR ratio was 0,90 in adolescents, 1.37 in young athletes, and 2.04 in athletes of the first mature age period, indicating an increasing contribution of the volumetric component of the cardiovascular response with age. Following sequential passive and active vestibular loading, the corresponding ratios were 1.96, 1.1, and 2.59, with the highest value observed in the oldest group. In athletes of the first mature age period, stroke volume increased from 58.4±5.1 to 81.1±3.9 mL (p<0.05). During the early recovery period, the main cardiac cycle phase parameters, cardiac output, and cardiac index returned to baseline levels in all age groups. In contrast, adolescents demonstrated persistent peripheral and autonomic changes: diastolic blood pressure remained 12.5% below baseline, total peripheral vascular resistance 7% below baseline, and specific peripheral vascular resistance 12.5% below baseline. Changes in the vegetative index also persisted in this group, whereas in the two older groups it returned toward resting values. Age-related differences in adaptation to linear vestibular loading are manifested not only in the magnitude of cardiovascular changes but also in the structure of the hemodynamic response and the temporal organization of recovery. Athletes of the first mature age period demonstrated the greatest predominance of the strokevolume component, whereas adolescents showed more pronounced heterochrony between recovery of central hemodynamics, peripheral vascular regulation, and autonomic function. These findings may be useful for agespecific monitoring of adaptation and post-exercise recovery in athletes.

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Bibliography:

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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2026 Issue 3, 182, 449-454 pages, index UDC 612.13:612.886:796.42-053

DOI:

10.29254/2077-4214-2026-3-182-449-454