Kogut V. V., Dzhuran B. V.

URODYNAMIC STUDY: OPPORTUNITIES AND COMPLICATIONS

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About the author:

Kogut V. V., Dzhuran B. V.

Heading:

LITERATURE REVIEWS

Type of article:

Scientific article

Annotation:

Urodynamic study (UDS) is an important urological examination frequently used to diagnose functional disorders of the lower urinary tract. The frequency of this examination has been steadily increasing each year. The aim of the study was to summarize current data regarding the role of urodynamic studies in the diagnosis of bladder dysfunction and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), as well as to identify the side effects and possible complications of the procedure. The study analyzed current research dedicated to the application of urodynamic studies in urological practice. The literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases using the keywords “urodynamics,” “lower urinary tract symptoms,” “diagnosis,” and “treatment.” The review of AUA–SUFU clinical guidelines described the conditions under which physicians use UDS, particularly for identifying factors contributing to lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) and assessing their significance; for predicting the consequences of LUTD on the upper urinary tract; for confirming and/or understanding treatment effects; and for investigating the causes of treatment failure. The term “urodynamics” encompasses a range of investigations aimed at characterizing lower urinary tract function. For the evaluation of the lower urinary tract, some or all of the following components may be used: uroflowmetry, filling cystometry, voiding cystometry, urethral pressure profilometry, videourodynamics, and ambulatory urodynamic monitoring. Due to its invasive nature, UDS increases the risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs). The purpose of the UDS examination is to identify abnormalities of the lower urinary tract. However, because of its invasiveness, UDS may increase the risk of post-procedural UTIs. Considering this risk factor, patients undergoing UDS, especially those at high risk of UTIs, are recommended to receive prophylactic antibiotics. Updated European Association of Urology guidelines (2024) do not recommend routine antimicrobial prophylaxis for urodynamic studies. In contrast, the American Urological Association (2020 Best Practice Statement) recommends prophylaxis for selected high-risk patients, including patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction, immunocompromised individuals (such as transplant recipients), patients with known or suspected urinary tract abnormalities who have recently undergone genitourinary instrumentation, and those with recent antimicrobial use, as these groups are considered to have an increased risk of developing UTIs. Urodynamic study is useful for determining the pathophysiology of various lower urinary tract conditions and for informing treatment outcomes. At the same time, due to its invasive nature, UDS poses a risk of urinary tract infections, as well as physical and emotional discomfort for patients before the procedure.

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Bibliography:

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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2026 Issue 2, 181, 78-83 pages, index UDC 616.62:616-073.173/178

DOI:

10.29254/2077-4214-2026-2-181-78-83