Zinchenko S. V., Pastukhova V.A., Kolosova O. V.

THE IMPACT OF USING A PERSONALIZED OCCLUSAL MOUTHGUARD ON THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE NEUROMUSCULAR SYSTEM IN HIGHLY QUALIFIED ATHLETES SPECIALIZING IN KAYAK AND CANOE ROWING

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About the author:

Zinchenko S. V., Pastukhova V.A., Kolosova O. V.

Heading:

SPORT MEDICINE

Type of article:

Scientific article

Annotation:

Occlusal splints are considered an essential element of personal protective equipment for athletes and are used to prevent injuries. In addition, pathological changes in occlusal surfaces, malocclusion and muscle imbalance of the masticatory muscles can worsen muscle coactivation, and jaw repositioning with a mouthguard can improve the functional state of muscle groups involved in movements specific to a particular sport. The study's aim was to evaluate the effect of using an individual occlusal mouthguard on the functional state of the neuromuscular system of highly skilled athletes specialising in canoeing using electroneuromyographic methods. The electroneuromyographic study was performed using a computerised electroneuromyograph M-Test DX Systems (Ukraine). The method of determining the speed of nerve impulse conduction, as well as the method of surface electromyography were used. The strength of large groups of shoulder girdle muscles was measured using the BackCheck complex (Dr. Wolff, Germany), and pushing and pulling tests were performed. The study involved 10 athletes of the control group (males, mean age 19.1±0.3 years) and 4 athletes of the main group (males, mean age 26.8±1.5 years); the latter used an occlusive mouthguard for one month. It was found that in athletes of the leading group after the use of an occlusive mouthguard, the value of the nerve impulse velocity along the motor fibres of the median nerve (n. medianus) of the right upper limb increased, there was a decrease in the right-left asymmetry of the amplitude indices of muscle responses to stimulation of the motor fibres of n. medianus, as well as the asymmetry of average and individual indicators of masticatory muscle activity (m. masseter), increased strength indicators of large groups of shoulder girdle muscles in the “Push” and “Pull” tests. The results obtained indicate a positive effect of the long-term use of an individual occlusive mouthguard on the functional state of the neuromuscular system of highly skilled rowing athletes.

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Bibliography:

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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2024 Issue 4, 175, 620-629 pages, index UDC 612.741.16+612.816.3

DOI:

10.29254/2077-4214-2024-4-175-620-629