Bobyk Y. Y.

MOLECULAR-GENETIC MARKERS OF INDIVIDUAL SENSITIVITY TO HORMONAL THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF ADVANCED FORMS OF ENDOMETRIOSIS

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About the author:

Bobyk Y. Y.

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LITERATURE REVIEWS

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Scientific article

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Endometriosis is one of the most common gynecological diseases and is characterized by a chronic course, pain syndrome, and impaired reproductive function. Despite significant progress in understanding its pathogenesis, the mechanisms underlying its development remain complex and multifactorial. Hormonal, immune, inflammatory, and molecular-genetic mechanisms play an important role in the development and progression of endometriosis. Particular attention in modern research is focused on identifying molecular-genetic markers that may determine patients’ individual sensitivity to hormonal therapy and contribute to the personalization of treatment. This article analyzes current scientific data on the role of specific genes and regulatory molecules in the pathogenesis of endometriosis and in the formation of the response to hormonal treatment. The significance of genes involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, hormonal sensitivity, and inflammatory processes is considered, including ESR1, PGR, WNT4, VEZT, and C-MYC, as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β, which participate in the formation of a chronic inflammatory microenvironment in endometriotic lesions. Particular attention is paid to the role of non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs (miR-135a/b, miR-29c, miR-150) and the long non-coding RNA H19, which are involved in post-transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Changes in their expression may influence cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and hormonal sensitivity of endometrial tissues, which is important for understanding individual variations in the course of the disease. Alterations in the expression of these molecular markers may affect endometrial cell proliferation, angiogenesis, inflammatory processes, and hormonal sensitivity of tissues, thereby determining the variability of the clinical course of endometriosis. Analysis of the literature indicates the potential of molecular-genetic markers to predict response to hormonal therapy and to develop personalized treatment approaches.

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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2026 Issue 2, 181, 24-30 pages, index UDC 575.113:618.14-002-085.357

DOI:

10.29254/2077-4214-2026-2-181-24-30