Digtiar N. I., Gerasymenko N. D., Lavrenko A. V., Avramenko Ya. M., Bielan O. V., Kulish M. V., Kulish K. М.
ASSESSMENT OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND PERIODONTAL DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
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About the author:
Digtiar N. I., Gerasymenko N. D., Lavrenko A. V., Avramenko Ya. M., Bielan O. V., Kulish M. V., Kulish K. М.
Heading:
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
Type of article:
Scientific article
Annotation:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common chronic diseases and is associated with systemic complications and a significant impact on patients’ quality of life. Particular attention is being paid to cognitive impairment and periodontal disease, which may share common pathogenetic mechanisms related to chronic hyperglycaemia, vascular dysfunction, insulin resistance and systemic inflammation. The aim of the study was to assess cognitive functions and periodontal status in patients with T2DM and to determine their association with glycaemic control. Forty-seven patients with T2DM and 17 controls were examined. Medical history, disease duration, diabetes complications, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), dental status, periodontal tissues and cognitive functions were assessed. The mean HbA1c level was 8.2%. According to the screening method used in the study, signs of cognitive decline of varying severity were detected in 100% of patients with T2DM. Executive functions, memory and attention were the most affected domains. The mean DMFT score in patients with T2DM was approximately 22.7% higher than in the control group. Deeper periodontal pockets compared with controls were detected in 87% of patients. Symptoms of xerostomia were observed in 100% of patients with blood glucose levels above 8 mmol/L within the study sample. The findings demonstrate the coexistence of cognitive and dental abnormalities in patients with T2DM. They are generally consistent with current literature regarding the increased prevalence of cognitive impairment, dental caries and more severe periodontal disease in patients with diabetes. Further studies using validated cognitive instruments and standardized periodontal indices are required to determine the strength and nature of the relationship between these conditions. A multidisciplinary approach involving endocrinologists, dentists and neurologists may contribute to comprehensive management of patients with T2DM and preservation of their quality of life.
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Bibliography:
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Publication of the article:
«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2026 Issue 3, 182, 267-270 pages, index UDC 616.379-008.64:[616.89-008+616.31-002]
