Kovaltsova M. V., Myroshnychenko M. S., Kucheriavchenko M. O., Kuznetsova M. O., Ogneva L. G., Sypalo A. O., Sarapulova S. M.
FEATURES OF BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN THE EXOCRINE PART OF THE PANCREAS UNDER THE EFFECT OF A HYPERCALORIC DIET
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About the author:
Kovaltsova M. V., Myroshnychenko M. S., Kucheriavchenko M. O., Kuznetsova M. O., Ogneva L. G., Sypalo A. O., Sarapulova S. M.
Heading:
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
Type of article:
Scientific article
Annotation:
Hypercaloric feeding of rats negatively affects the functional state of the exocrine part of the pancreas and leads to an increase in the body weight of rats and an imbalance of blood plasma indicators. With a long-term intake of food with a large number of carbohydrates and fats in the diet of rats due to the hyperfunction of acinar cells, the release of enzymes from acinocytes into the blood increases, which gradually leads to their functional exhaustion and the development of atrophy of the exocrine parenchyma. However, for some time, the compensatory capabilities of the pancreas, due to the hyperfunction of intact acinocytes and their production of a large number of enzymes, allow adequate digestion even in conditions of significant loss of functionally active mass of its parenchyma. This is probably the case with our experimental animals. In all rats that received a high-calorie diet, the level of α - amylase was increased by 3.1 times, lipase - by 11.2 times (hyperpancreatism). The activation of pancreatic enzymes (especially the conversion of trypsinogen into trypsin) in the ducts of the gland tissue is an extremely aggressive factor in its damage, which triggers the process of its autolysis. Autolysis processes in the pancreas are another cause of hyperenzymatemia in rats due to the development of the phenomenon of "evasion" of enzymes into the blood. In such a situation, prolonged hypertrypsinemia is fraught with even greater exhaustion of the activity of the antiproteinase system (which is observed in experimental animals in our study, namely, a decrease in the level of α1-antitrypsin); the enzyme-inhibitor imbalance in the tissue and the blood increases the disturbance in the gland itself. Thus, a hypercaloric diet causes hyperfunction of exocrinocytes in rats with hyperproduction of pancreatic enzymes with a gradual development of morphological restructuring of the exocrine part of the pancreas.
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Bibliography:
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Publication of the article:
«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2023 Issue 3, 170, 217-222 pages, index UDC 616.37 – 008.9 – 078 – 092.9:613.25
