Shtepa K. V., Shepitko V. I., Stetsuk Ye.V., Vilkhova O. V., Rud M. V., Boruta N.V.

THE CONDITION OF THE HEMOMICROCIRCULATORY BED AND THE ACINAR -DUCT SYSTEM OF HARD PALATE MINOR SALIVARY GLANDS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF TRIPTORELIN AND QUERCETIN CORRECTION IN RATS

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About the author:

Shtepa K. V., Shepitko V. I., Stetsuk Ye.V., Vilkhova O. V., Rud M. V., Boruta N.V.

Heading:

MORPHOLOGY

Type of article:

Scientific article

Annotation:

The investigation of the structural organisation and the response of the oral cavity organs to systemic hormonal changes is an important area of modern morphology and experimental medicine. Of particular interest are the minor salivary glands of the hard palate, which are highly sensitive to changes in homeostasis. A prolonged deficiency of sex hormones following the administration of triptorelin is accompanied by microcirculatory disturbances, endothelial dysfunction and altered structural organisation of the exocrine glands. A promising approach to correcting such disorders is quercetin, which exhibits antioxidant, membrane-protective and angioprotective properties. Aim of the study is to investigate the condition of the haemomicrocirculatory bed and the acinar-ductal apparatus of the hard palate’s minor salivary glands under the influence of triptorelin and quercetin supplementation in rats. The experimental part of the study was conducted in accordance with bioethical standards. The study material consisted of samples of the hard palate mucosa from white rats. The animals were divided into a control group, a group with a model of chemical castration and a correction group. Chemical castration was modelled by a single subcutaneous injection of a tryptorelin solution at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg body weight. Animals in the correction group were administered quercetin orally three times a week at a dose of 100 mg/kg from the first day of the experiment. Morphological examination was carried out on serial paraffin sections 4 μm thick, stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Morphometric assessment was carried out by determining the diameters of arterioles, capillaries and venules, as well as the parameters of the acinar and ductal apparatus; statistical analysis was performed using the non-parametric Mann–Whitney test, with differences considered statistically significant at p<0.05. It was found that continuous administration of triptorelin induces a time-dependent remodelling of the haemomicrocirculatory bed and the acinar-ductal apparatus of the hard palate’s minor salivary glands. A progressive increase in vessel diameters in the haemomicrocirculatory bed during the first 6–9 months was observed. The diameter of the arterioles reached its maximum values at 6–9 months – 65.821 and 67.012 μm respectively, compared with 31.312 μm in the control group. The diameter of the capillaries increased to 18.721 μm by the 6th month, compared with 11.781 μm in the control group, whilst the maximum diameter of the venules at the 9th month was 69.333 μm, compared with 39.092 μm in the control group. At 12 months, under the isolated effect of triptorelin, a sharp reduction in the diameters of arterioles and capillaries was observed, indicating the exhaustion of compensatory mechanisms and the development of sclerotic changes. In the initial stages of the experiment, a compensatory increase in the height of mucocytes and the external diameter of the acini was observed in the acinar apparatus, whilst signs of decompensation and atrophy developed during the 9–12-month period. By the 12th month, the height of the mucocytes had decreased to 17.72 μm, whilst the lumen of the secretory compartments had increased to 34.07–38.91 μm, consistent with secretory stasis and dilatation. In the excretory ducts, an increase in cell height and external diameter was observed in the early stages, whilst at 9–12 months, atrophic and destructive changes were noted. The use of quercetin significantly reduced the expression of pathological changes. At the 6-month mark, the diameter of the arterioles in the correction group was 46.822 μm, whilst the diameter of the capillaries was 15.374 μm, indicating a reduction in pathological dilation. At the 9th month, the diameter of venules in the correction group was 58.33 μm, compared with 69.333 μm under the isolated action of tryptorelin. Quercetin also helped to preserve the morphometric parameters of mucocytes, acini and the ductal system, preventing the development of profound atrophy in the long term of the experiment. Prolonged tryptorelin-induced hypoandrogenism leads to a phasic reorganisation of the haemomicrocirculatory bed and a gradual disruption of the acinar-ductal apparatus of the hard palate’s minor salivary glands. The use of quercetin reduces the severity of vascular and parenchymal abnormalities, helps to normalize morphometric parameters to control values, and provides an organ-protective effect.

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Bibliography:

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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2026 Issue 3, 182, 422-428 pages, index UDC 611.311:611.018.5:612.616.31:615.357:615.322

DOI:

110.29254/2077-4214-2026-3-182-422-428