Levchuk R. D.

PECULIARITIES OF OXIDATIVE STRESS DEVELOPMENT IN THE LIVER, KIDNEYS, LUNGS AND HEART UNDER CONDITIONS OF SIMULATED TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY, BLUNT ABDOMINAL TRAUMA AND SKELETAL TRAUMA COMPLICATED BY ACUTE BLOOD LOSS, AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF 2-ETHYL-6-METHYL-3-HYDROXYPYRIDINE SUCCINATE IN THE CORRECTION OF THE IDENTIFIED DISORDERS

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About the author:

Levchuk R. D.

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CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

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Scientific article

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Traumatism is a topical problem in Ukraine and around the world. A characteristic feature of modern trauma is the increasing proportion of high-energy injuries in various localizations with the development of secondary damage in tissues and organs. The search for the mechanisms underlying secondary multisystem damage and ways to prevent it has come to the forefront. In cases of trauma complicated by blood loss, the body creates favourable conditions for the development of circulatory hypoxia and the activation of the immune system. This contributes to the excessive formation of active forms of oxygen and nitrogen, which trigger mechanisms of cellular membrane peroxidation, leading to a loss of their function. An imbalance between pro- and antioxidant mechanisms is defined as oxidative stress (OS). The purpose of this study is to investigate the particularities of OS development in the liver, kidneys, lungs and heart under conditions of simulated traumatic brain injury, blunt abdominal trauma and skeletal trauma complicated by acute blood loss, and to evaluate the effectiveness of 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine succinate in the correction of the identified disorders. The experiments involved 134 mature male Wistar line white rats. Under thiopental sodium anesthesia, TBI, BAT and ST were modeled in separate experimental groups, complicated by acute blood loss from the femoral vein in an amount equal to 1,5% of body weight. For correction, half of the rats in the experimental groups received a single injection into an adjacent vein of Ringer’s lactate solution combined with 2-ethyl-6-methyl -3-hydroxypyridine succinate at a dose of 100 mg/kg in a total volume equal to 50% of the lost volume of blood. Intraperitoneal injection of the medication was continued once daily at the same dose until the 13-th day of the experiment. After 14 and 28 days of the post-traumatic period, catalase activity and the levels of thiobarbituric acid reagents were evaluated in the liver, kidneys, lungs and heart, and based on their ratio, the antioxidant-prooxidant index (API) was calculated, which reflects the balance between antioxidant and prooxidant mechanisms. It was determined that in rats without correction, regardless of the location of the trauma, 14 days after the injury, the API levels in the liver, kidneys, lungs and heart were significantly lower than in the control group. The identified disorders in the studied organs decreased by the 28-th day after the trauma but did not reach the control group’s levels. By analyzing differences in the development of oxidative stress depending on the injury’s location, it was found that 14 days after injury, the API levels were lowest in the liver after simulating TBI and BAT, in the lungs and heart - after BAT simulation. After 28 days of the post-traumatic period, the API value was significantly lower after BAT simulation in all studied organs. The use of 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine succinate in conditions of injuries of various localizations in all studied organs caused an increase in the API value, with the exception of the heart, in which, 14 days after the experiment, the medication contributed to an increase in the index in the groups with TBI and BAT simulation, and after 28 days – only in the group of rats in which ST was simulated. Despite the use of 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine succinate, the most significant abnormalities in API values persisted in the context of BAT simulation, particularly after 28 days of the post-traumatic period. Thus, OS plays an important role in the pathogenesis of secondary damage in the liver, kidneys, lungs and heart under conditions of mechanical trauma of various localizations, complicated by acute blood loss; it is long-lasting and is significantly reduced by a medication with antioxidant properties. All of this points to the advisability of using antioxidant therapy to prevent secondary multiple organ damage.

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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2026 Issue 3, 182, 301-308 pages, index UDC 616.12/.24/.36/.61:612.015.11:617.51-001.3:617.55-001.31:616.71-001.3: 616-005.1]-08-092.9

DOI:

10.29254/2077-4214-2026-3-182-301-308