Zabrodska O. S.

FEATURES OF THE STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE UMBILICAL VEIN IN THE POSTNATAL PERIOD OF ONTOGENESIS

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About the author:

Zabrodska O. S.

Heading:

MORPHOLOGY

Type of article:

Scientific article

Annotation:

After birth, the umbilical vein undergoes obliteration. It transforms into the round ligament of the liver, which is an important anatomical structure in the adult organism. These processes change the key role in the transition of the newborn from intrauterine existence through the placenta and umbilical cord to independent life outside the mother's body. The aim of the study – to establish the features of the structural organization of the umbilical vein in mature and old age. The study analyzed 18 objects, including 6 objects of the first period of mature age, 7 of the second period of mature age and 5 objects of old age. To obtain reliable results of the study, a set of morphological methods was used, in particular, microscopic analysis, preparation of histological sections. The study revealed a high content of elastic and collagen fibers, as well as intense cellular activity, which contributes to the preservation of the structural cell and functional stability of the venous wall. The results of the study indicate a complex multilayered organization of the venous wall of the umbilical vein, which includes a significant number of elastic and collagen fibers that provide its elasticity and mechanical strength. Pericytes, localized in the middle layer of the umbilical vein wall, play an important role in maintaining the structural stability of the venous wall and promote its adaptation to changes in hemodynamics. Thus, in the second mature period of ontogenesis, the umbilical vein turns into an inactive structural element, existing in the form of a fibrous cord. In the first and second periods of mature age, the wall of the umbilical vein is characterized by a high content of smooth muscle cells, pericytes and collagen fibers, while the number of elastic fibers decreases. In old age, the wall of the umbilical vein shows pronounced structural changes, characterized by a significant predominance of fibroblasts and collagen fibers, and the number of elastic fibers is significantly reduced.

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Bibliography:

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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2025 Issue 1, 176, 411-418 pages, index UDC 611.149.8.013.018-053.31/.053.9

DOI:

10.29254/2077-4214-2025-1-176-411-418