Steblovskiy D. V., Bondarenko V. V., Lychman V. O., Toropov O. A., Svyryda O. S.

DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF JAW OSTEOMYELITIS (LITERATURE REVIEW)

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About the author:

Steblovskiy D. V., Bondarenko V. V., Lychman V. O., Toropov O. A., Svyryda O. S.

Heading:

LITERATURE REVIEWS

Type of article:

Scientific article

Annotation:

Osteomyelitis (OM) is an inflammatory process of the bone. In the maxillofacial skeleton, both medullary and cortical bone are usually involved, so the term is most often used to describe an inflammatory process in the basal and alveolar bone. Commonly used definitions of OM are an inflammatory reaction within the bone caused by bacterial invasion or simply an inflammatory process of the bone, both cortical and cancellous elements. These are most often the symphysis, angle, ascending branch, and condyle in the mandible. OM can be difficult to treat, as chronic forms of OM are not uncommon. The study aims to summarize the existing data characterizing the manifestations, clinical course, diagnosis, and treatment of osteomyelitis of the jaws. It analyzed modern scientific experimental and clinical studies. Osteomyelitis of the jaw is an inflammatory process in the bones of the maxillofacial area, including medullary and cortical bone tissue. The disease is classified into purulent and non-purulent types with different etiologies and clinical course. Purulent osteomyelitis is usually caused by infectious agents that penetrate through trauma or dental procedures. The non-purulent type often has an unclear aetiology and is characterized by a chronic course with periodic exacerbations. Diagnosing osteomyelitis includes analysis of clinical symptoms, radiological methods (X-ray, CT, MRI, PET-CT) and laboratory tests. The purulent type is accompanied by local pain, swelling, purulent discharge, and bone sequestration. Non-purulent osteomyelitis is characterized by pain, swelling, and limited jaw mobility without suppuration, which makes it difficult to diagnose. At the present stage, there is insufficient data on the processes and factors leading to the jaw's OM development. In addition, the mechanisms of action of drugs used to treat osteomyelitis of the jaw localization are poorly understood. Collecting data from the articles proved to be difficult because there are several diagnoses of OM, apparently of the same condition (clinical and histological data are surprisingly similar), and the number of patients is often very limited due to the rarity of some forms of jaw's OM.

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Bibliography:

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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2024 Issue 4, 175, 123-131 pages, index UDC 616.314-089

DOI:

10.29254/2077-4214-2024-4-175-123-131