Makarenko O. V., Kaidash S. P., Zaslavskyi D. D.

COMPREHENSIVE REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH OPIOID DEPENDENCE: THE BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL DIMENSION

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About the author:

Makarenko O. V., Kaidash S. P., Zaslavskyi D. D.

Heading:

LITERATURE REVIEWS

Type of article:

Scientific article

Annotation:

Due to the tendency for relapse, high comorbidity, and the destructive social impact of opiate dependence, the condition is viewed as a multidisciplinary issue requiring a solution based on the biopsychosocial model. This article reviews current pharmacological approaches to treating opioid dependence, specifically opioid agonist maintenance therapy, and analyzes the fundamental basis of comprehensive biopsychosocial treatment. A systematization of global experience makes it possible to identify the key components of the biopsychosocial model in addiction medicine. These include: pharmacological stabilization (maintenance therapy), psychological intervention for addictive behavior, addressing the patient’s social issues (housing, employment), continuity of medical supervision, an individualized approach, multidisciplinary teamwork, and ongoing monitoring of outcomes to improve the quality of care. The choice of pharmacological agent should be based on the patient’s clinical status, previous treatment history, and level of treatment adherence, while considering the drugs’ mechanisms of action, duration of effect, and side-effect profiles. The results indicate that the effectiveness of comprehensive rehabilitation for patients with opioid dependence is enhanced through the integration of pharmacological, psychological, and social strategies that simultaneously address the neurobiological mechanisms of dependence, modify maladaptive behavioral patterns, promote social reintegration, and reduce stigma. Key factors contributing to the effectiveness of this approach include patient-centered care, continuity of care, treatment personalization, multidisciplinary team involvement, and systematic monitoring of treatment outcomes. A promising direction for further improvement of care is the development of personalized biopsychosocial care algorithms that account for comorbid mental health disorders, particularly PTSD and depression, as well as the establishment of criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of multidisciplinary teams within the national healthcare system.

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Bibliography:

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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2026 Issue 3, 182, 100-104 pages, index UDC 616.89-008.441.13/.3-085

DOI:

10.29254/2077-4214-2026-3-182-100-104