Nefodova O. O., Gruzd V. V., Halperin О. І., Boyko O. V., Kozlovska О. G., Kovalchuk А. О., Lomyha L. L.

LITERATURE REVIEWS

Scentific article

Abstract. This analysis of modern data from open scientific publications presents an up-to-date view of the problem of male infertility, which continues to maintain its leading positions as a priority area in andrology and remains a topical medical and social problem that needs to be addressed at the state level. Now an increasing number of studies indicate that male fertility, primarily spermatogenesis and ejaculate parameters, is adversely affected by an increase in environmental pollution with hazardous technogenic toxicants, among which heavy metals, in particular, cadmium, occupy a priority position. Continuous sources of cadmium contamination are associated with industrial production, nickel-cadmium batteries, pigments, plastics and other synthetic products. As you know, mammalian testicles are very sensitive to the toxic effects of cadmium, which initiates the development of cadmium-induced testicular injury. Most research scientists believe that cadmium-associated disorders of the functional activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal system in men are manifested by a violation of both hormonal regulation of the reproductive system and the functioning of the epitheliospermatogenic layer of the seminal glands, causing pathological changes in both the quantitative and qualitative composition of sperm. Cadmium induces lipid peroxidation and reduces the activity of antioxidant enzymes, causes degenerative and destructive changes in the spermatogenic epithelium, abnormal changes in the morphological structure of sustentocytes, thereby creating favorable conditions for disturbances in the morpho-functional organization of the blood-testicular barrier and also spermatogenesis. Cadmium disrupts the development and function of interstitial endocrinocytes, induces damage to their genome, enhances apoptosis of Leydig cells and causes degradation of the seminiferous tubules, and weakens the expression of genes associated with the production of male sex hormone. Considering the above, our planned experimental study, analysis and assessment of the spectrum of morphological changes in the testes induced by the accumulation of cadmium, and the search for its new bioantagonists in order to prevent and correct the manifestations of cadmium-induced testicular injury is a relevant and promising direction for further research.

male infertility, cadmium-induced testicular changes, reactive oxygen species, spermatogenesis, testosterone

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 1 (159), 2021 year, 297-301 pages, index UDK 546.48:616.68-092:616-018(048.8)

10.29254/2077-4214-2021-1-159-297-301