Ustimenko Ya. O., Lukyantseva H. V.

BASELINE HETEROGENEITY OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN MIDDLE-AGED WOMEN: A COMPREHENSIVE PREINTERVENTION ASSESSMENT

---

Show/Download

About the author:

Ustimenko Ya. O., Lukyantseva H. V.

Heading:

BIOLOGY

Type of article:

Scientific article

Annotation:

Age-related endocrine and metabolic changes in middle-aged women are accompanied by the accumulation of visceral adipose tissue, the development of insulin resistance, chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, and increased cardiometabolic risk. According to current scientific concepts, metabolic syndrome is considered a heterogeneous pathological condition characterized by different variants of metabolic and inflammatory dysregulation. The aim of the study was to perform a comprehensive assessment of anthropometric, metabolic, inflammatory, adipokine, and hemodynamic parameters in middle-aged women with metabolic syndrome and to identify manifestations of baseline heterogeneity of the studied condition. The study involved apparently healthy women without metabolic syndrome (n=7) and women with MS (n=41). Anthropometric parameters, body composition, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism indicators, systemic inflammatory markers, adipokine profile, and hemodynamic characteristics were assessed. Women with MS demonstrated significantly higher body mass, BMI, waist circumference, total and visceral fat content, glucose, insulin, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, triglycerides, total cholesterol, CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, leptin, and arterial blood pressure levels, as well as lower adiponectin concentrations compared with healthy women. Intragroup analysis revealed the presence of metabolic and inflammatory heterogeneity within the cohort of women with MS and allowed identification of conditional phenotypic variants, including inflammatoryhypertensive, metabolically compensated, insulin-resistant obese, and cardiometabolically decompensated phenotypes. The obtained findings confirm the development of systemic cardiometabolic dysregulation in MS and substantiate the feasibility of applying personalized intervention approaches depending on the dominant mechanisms of cardiometabolic disturbances.

Tags:

Bibliography:

1. Fahed G, Aoun L, Bou Zerdan M, Allam S, Bouferraa Y, Assi HI. Metabolic syndrome: updates on pathophysiology and management in 2021. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(2):786. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23020786
2. Kahn CR, Wang G, Lee KY. Altered adipose tissue and adipocyte function in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. J Clin Invest. 2019;129(10):3990-4000. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI129187
3. Kawai T, Autieri MV, Scalia R. Adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in obesity. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2021;320(3):C375-C391. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00379.2020
4. Hevko UP, Kopanytsia OM, Lukyantseva HV, Krynytska IY, Marushchak MI. A study of the relationship between the activity of aminotransferases and the indices of white blood cells differential in patients with comorbid course of type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity and chronic pancreatitis. АТJ. 2020;4:21-29. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34921/amj.2020.4.003
5. Mauvais-Jarvis F. Gender differences in glucose homeostasis and diabetes. Physiol Behav. 2018;187:20-23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.08.016
6. Nappi RE, Chedraui P, Lambrinoudaki I, Simoncini T. Menopause: a cardiometabolic transition. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2022;10(6):442- 456. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(22)00076-6
7. Powell-Wiley TM, Poirier P, Burke LE, Després JP, Gordon-Larsen P, Lavie CJ et al. Obesity and cardiovascular disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2021;143(21):e984-e1010.
8. Reilly S, Saltiel A. Adapting to obesity with adipose tissue inflammation. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2017;13:633-643. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2017.90
9. Fox CS, Massaro JM, Hoffmann U, Pou KM, Maurovich-Horvat P, Liu CY et al. Abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue compartments: association with metabolic risk factors in the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 2007;116(1):39-48.
10. Petersen MC, Shulman GI. Mechanisms of Insulin Action and Insulin Resistance. Physiological Reviews. 2018;98(4):2133-2223.
11. Saklayen MG. The global epidemic of the metabolic syndrome. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2018;20(2):12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11906-018-0812-z
12. Neeland IJ, Ross R, Després JP, Matsuzawa Y, Yamashita S, Shai I, et al. Visceral and ectopic fat, atherosclerosis, and cardiometabolic disease: a position statement. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2019;7(9):715-725.
13. Ustimenko YaO, Lukyantseva HV. Development of a study protocol for the metabolite profile and morphofunctional parameters of women with metabolic syndrome under the influence of combined and resistance training. Bulletin of problems in biology and medicine. 2025;4(179):397-406. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29254/2077-4214-2025-4-179-397-406
14. National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report. Circulation. 2002;106(25):3143-421.
15. Hotamisligil GS. Inflammation, metaflammation and immunometabolic disorders. Nature. 2017;542(7640):177-185.
16. Furman D, Campisi J, Verdin E, Carrera-Bastos P, Targ S, Franceschi C, et al. Chronic inflammation in the etiology of disease across the life span. Nat Med. 2019;25(12):1822-1832. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-019-0675-0
17. Chait A, den Hartigh LJ. Adipose tissue distribution, inflammation and its metabolic consequences, including diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2020;7:22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2020.00022
18. Wewege MA, Thom JM, Rye KA, Parmenter BJ. Aerobic, resistance or combined training: a systematic review and meta-analysis of exercise to reduce cardiovascular risk in adults with metabolic syndrome. Atherosclerosis. 2018;274:162-171. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.05.002
19. Tan A, Thomas RL, Campbell MD, Prior SL, Bracken RM, Churm R. Effects of exercise training on metabolic syndrome risk factors in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Nutr. 2023;42(3):337-351. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2023.01.008
20. Pan B, Ge L, Xun YQ, Chen YJ, Gao CY, Han X, et al. Exercise training modalities in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2018;15(1):72.
21. Della Pepa G, Vetrani C, Vitale M, Bozzetto L, Costabile G, Cipriano P et al. Effects of a diet naturally rich in polyphenols on lipid composition of postprandial lipoproteins in high cardiometabolic risk individuals: an ancillary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Nutr. 2020;59(1):3647-3658.
22. Lukyantseva G. V., Pastukhova V. A., Bakunovsky O. M., Malyuga S. S., Oliinyk T. M. Peculiarities of structural and functional changes of blood circulation indicators of persons engaged in bodybuilding. Bulletin of problems in biology and medicine. 2020;4(158):31-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29254/2077-4214-2020-4-158-31-35
23. Lukyantseva HV, Bakunovsky OM, Malyuga SS, Oliinyk TM. Changes in the work of the heart and central hemodynamics in the period of early recovery after static physical exercise. Bulletin of problems in biology and medicine. 2022;4(167):353-360. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29254/2077-4214-2022-4-167-353-360
24. Bakunovsky OM, Lukyantseva HV, Maluga SS, Kotlyarenko LT. Different features of changes in central hemodynamics during early recovery after different exercise regimes. Fiziolohichnyi Zhurnal. 2021;67(6):13-20.
25. Malyuga SS, Lukyantseva HV, Bakunovsky OM. Features of changes in the work of the heart and central hemodynamics during the period of early recovery after stato-dynamic physical exercise. Bulletin of problems in biology and medicine. 2022;3(166):482-491. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29254/2077-4214-2022-3-166-482-491
26. Ho J, Reimer RA, Doulla M, Huang C. Effect of prebiotic intake on gut microbiota, intestinal permeability and glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2016;17(1):347.
27. Savytska M, Baka O, Manzhalii E, Kyriienko D, Falalyeyeva T, Strubchevska O et al. Effect of probiotics derivatives (postbiotics and metabiotics) on glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a randomized clinical trial (DELI_Diab study). Front. Endocrinol. 2026;17:1802045. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2026.1802045
28. Haghighatdoost F, Gholami A, Hariri M. Effect of resistant starch type 2 on inflammatory mediators: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Complement Ther Med. 2021;56:102597.
29. Chen T, Wang J, Liu Z, Gao F. Effect of supplementation with probiotics or synbiotics on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024;14:1282699.

Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2026 Issue 2, 181, 158-164 pages, index UDC 616.39-008.9-06:616.1-008.9-055.2-071

DOI:

10.29254/2077-4214-2026-2-181-158-164