Zyuzin D. V., Cherno V. S., Havryliuk І. M., Pshychenko V. V,

FEATURES OF TOPOGRAPHY AND MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE VENTRAL PETROSAL SINUS OF THE DOG

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Zyuzin D. V., Cherno V. S., Havryliuk І. M., Pshychenko V. V,

Heading:

MORPHOLOGY

Type of article:

Scientific article

Annotation:

Circulation of venous blood and cerebrospinal fluid through the cerebral venous collectors of the dura mater of the brain has specific functional features associated with the topographic and anatomical relationships of the sinuses with the bones of the skull. The specific feature of the sinus-venous formations in dogs is of significant importance, where the passage of parts of the collectors through the channels formed by the inner plate of the bones of the skull is observed. Another feature of the spatial organization of the meningeal sinuses indicates the presence of pronounced anastomoses between the systems of the dorsal group, the systems of the ventral group based on the skull and the extracranial venous systems. It is the latter that will form the main systems and mechanisms of the directions of venous movement from the cranial cavity, and in pathological conditions – their own mechanism for the development of inflammatory processes based on the dog's brain. The paucity of morphological studies in this area prompted us to establish a certain balance of morphological information regarding the spatial and structural organization of the sinuses of the dura mater of the base of the dog's skull, and our results can simultaneously be considered as an experimental model for scientific research. The aim of the work was to determine the morphological features of the ventral petrous sinus of a dog at the macroscopic level. To achieve this goal, we used preparations obtained by the corrosion method of the venous bed of mongrel dogs. The models were scanned and their 3-D images were obtained, which made it possible to determine the morphometric indicators as comprehensively as possible. The approximation method helped us in this with the subsequent statistical analysis of the obtained data. On corrosion preparations, it was established that the ventral petrous sinus (VPS) in dogs is a caudal continuation of the cavernous sinus (CvS) and is represented by short right and left axillary trunks of a cylindrical shape. As we noted in previous studies, at the level of the back of the Turkish saddle, the free caudal sections of the right and left cavernous venous tract change direction at an obtuse angle, diverge laterally and are directed to the base of the posterior cranial fossa. After a significant decrease in diameter, the cavernous collector on each side passes into the right and left VPS, which are located in the petro-occipital bone canal. These features prompted us to its comprehensive morphological analysis. The following features were determined depending on the weight groups of animals: the formation of the entrance to the bone canal, the morphometric indicators of its walls and the formation of the fusion of the petro-occipital with the jugular canal, which opens on the outer surface of the base of the skull. In corrosion models, we have established numerous anastomotic venous connections with the sigmoid venous sinuses, through which blood flows to the intracranial and extracranial veins of the head and the internal jugular vein. Thus, the VPS in dogs macroscopically on corrosion preparations is represented by three sections: 1 – pre-canal, which anastomoses with the caudal ends of the cavernous sinus at the level of their narrowing, 2 – canal, which is located in the petro-occipitalbone canal and 3 – jugular, which merges with the sigmoid sinus (SgS) with the subsequent formation of the internal jugular vein before exiting to the outer surface of the skull base. At the end of the morphological study of the dog's VPS, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the morphometric indicators of its angles of transition into the posterior cranial fossa, the length, width and height of each of its sections, determined the diameter, as well as the cross-sectional area of each weight group of animals. Morphometric results after processing with statistical programs were entered into a table.

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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2025 Issue 1, 176, 419-428 pages, index UDC 611.819.5.013:612.08

DOI:

10.29254/2077-4214-2025-1-176-419-428