Bodnar L. А., Zhyvotovska L. V., Skrypnikov A. M., Vorodyukhina A. K.

INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PATIENTS WITH BODY DYSMORPHIC DISORDER SEEKING COSMETIC RHINOPLASTY

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About the author:

Bodnar L. А., Zhyvotovska L. V., Skrypnikov A. M., Vorodyukhina A. K.

Heading:

CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Type of article:

Scientific article

Annotation:

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is characterized by excessive attention to non-existent or minor defects in appearance. Most people with BDD do not realize that their defect is minimal or absent. They misjudge the psychiatric origin of their problems and often desire aesthetic treatment to solve their appearance problems, that is, they seek cosmetics for the treatment of a mental disorder. The aim of the work was to study individual-psychological features of individuals with dysmorphophobia who sought help from a plastic surgeon for cosmetic rhinoplasty. We conducted a comprehensive clinical and anamnestic, clinical and psychopathological, psychodiagnostic and socio-demographic examination of our patients. Diagnostic assessment and systematization of the revealed mental disorders was carried out in accordance with the criteria of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). The study group included 30 people who did not have cosmetic defects of the nose, but who paid unreasonable attention to it, were categorically dissatisfied with their nose and insisted on changing its shape. From a wide range of non-psychotic mental disorders, these patients were diagnosed with dysmorphophobic syndrome within the hypochondriacal disorder (F45.2). Depressive symptoms, assessed by the MADRS scale as mostly moderate, were found in the majority of patients. According to the STAI, more than half of the patients had a high level of personal anxiety, which prevailed in its level over situational anxiety. According to the results of the questionnaire by K. Leongard - H. Shmishek, it was found that the patients most often had dysthymic and anxious types of accentuation, alone or in combination. Given the lack of absolute and relative indications for surgical intervention in people with BDD, their efforts to achieve an ideal image solely through plastic surgery and solve personal problems, as well as individual psychological characteristics of people with dysmorphophobia revealed in the study, it is necessary to improve a comprehensive system of psychotherapeutic measures in combination with pharmacotherapy, in order to reduce psychopathological symptoms, improve the level of psychosocial functioning and create the preconditions for decision to abandon surgery.

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Bibliography:

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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2023 Issue 3, 170, 179-183 pages, index UDC 616.89-008.441.1-02:616.211-089.844]-052

DOI:

10.29254/2077-4214-2023-3-170-179-183