One of the priority environmental factors that affect the health status of the population is the quality of the ambient air. Air pollution has a negative impact onto human health. While estimating the size of harm to health, it should be taking into consideration that chemical pollution of ambient air, firstly, reduces the body’s adaptive capabilities and, consequently, resistance to negative factors of different etiology; secondly, increases the level of morbidity, especially of the respiratory system and, thirdly, negatively affects population’s mortality. Systematic monitoring of ambient air pollution level in Poltava is conducted by the Ambient Air Pollution Moni- toring Laboratory at Poltava Center of Hydrometeorology according to standard complete program daily (4 times a day) at 4 stationary posts. The laboratory selects and analyses more than 20 thousands of air tests a year on 10 major ingredients. Besides, tests are taken on 8 heavy metals and benzpyrene. Data are summarized and analyzed, and positive and negative tendencies are identified. Calculations, made during 2013 showed that out of 10 defined ingredients only the content of dust in atmo- sphere 1,3 times exceeded relevant average daily alarm concentrations (AC). Generally, the average annual con- centrations in the multiplicity of the AC totally in Poltava were the following: formaldehyde –at the AC level; nitrogen dioxide – 0,9 of AC; carbon oxide – 0,7 of AAC; nitrogen oxide and hydrogen fluoride – 0,3 of AC; ammonia – 0,25 of AC; hydrogen chloride and sulphur dioxin – 0,1 of AC; dissoluble sulphates – 0,01 mg/m3 (ecological bulletin of ambient air pollution state in Poltava for 2013, used by Poltava regional Hydrometeorological Center). According to the report, made by the Heavy Metals Monitoring Laboratory at Central Geophysical Observatory of Hydrometeostation (Kyiv), content of 8 heavy metals, i. e., cadmium, iron, manganese, copper, nickel, lead, cro- mium and zinc, in the ambient air is lower than required by the AC. During 2013 maximum one-time concentrations as for formaldehyde 1,9 of AC, dust– 1,8 of AC, nitrogen dioxin – 0,95 of AC (industrial center in Suprunovka) was registered. The largest source of air pollution in the region is vehicle emissions, which make up more than half of the emis- sions, discharged in the region. In Poltava and Myrgorod this percentage is 87,4 and 85,4 respectively (2013). Among stationary sources the main polluters are the enterprises of cities of Kremenchug and Komsomolsk. Significantly less emission has been registered in the cities of Poltava, Lubny and Myrgorod. Kremenchug accounts for 45. 8% of all emissions of air pollutants discharged by the stationary sources. Observations show that the general rate of air pollution in Poltava is lower than the average rate in Ukraine. In this way, integrated pollution index (IPI) in Poltava for the past year is within 4. 5, whereas the average IPI in the cities of Ukraine for the year of 2012 constituted 8. 0. Thus, the condition of ambient air in Poltava continues to be in a status of one of the cleanest cities in Ukraine.
«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 3 part 1 (110), 2014 year, 222-224 pages, index UDK 502. 72
