Pankevych V. V., Got’ I. M., Kucher A. R.

CONTENTS

Scentific article

Due to the rapid development of scientific and technologic progress in recent years are marked negative trend in increasing of injuries. Not least among the list of injuries take injuries of maxillofacial area, including fractures of the condyloid process and angle of the mandible. As is known, at this location of mandible fractures often occur scar and reflex contractures of masticatory muscles. Solving the problem of posttraumatic contracture treatment of masticatory muscles remains actual nowadays, which is related with the poorly understanding of diagnosis of this pathology. The article describes modern literature data according to which for the diagnosis of muscle and functional disturbances are commonly used modern methods of beam diagnostic as CT and MRI, although they have many disadvantages, such as: lack of visualization of muscle dynamics, significant radiation exposure, large cost of the procedure. In this regard, foreign researchers have suggested ultrasonography as an alternative method for before mentioned methods of diagnostics of traumatic injuries of the maxillofacial area, 78 Вісник проблем біології і медицини – 2014 – Вип. 2, Том 2 (108) which by improving the equipment is used in such medical areas, which previously were considered inaccessible to ultrasound. Ultrasonography method favorably distinguish with before mentioned methods of diagnostics due to absence of contraindications, speed, and possibility to observe the treatment process in dynamics. In other term, the most important advantage of ultrasonography is possibility to determine the thickness of the muscle during functional tests: at rest and in a state of tension. Based on this characteristic, Russian scientists offered quite simple and objective method of diagnosing inflammatory contractions of masticatory muscles. The technique is based on measuring the thickness of masticatory muscles according to a special design mathematical formula by using an ultrasound device with certain specifications. In our study are used this technique to determine the degree of posttraumatic contracture in patients with fractures of the facial skeleton. In other turn, we have modified the design mathematical formula proposed by Russian authors, which increased the information content of the method. We conducted ultrasonography study for 40 patients with fractures of the facial skeleton that allowed to establish with a high precision in each clinical case, not only the presence of posttraumatic contracture, but its degree and localization. We used in a diagnostics process with this aim a modified design mathematical formula to determine the degree of posttraumatic contracture of masticatory muscles. Noteworthy is the fact that the received results about degree of posttraumatic contracture by ultrasonography showed a correlation of method with data of clinical examinations. The results were used in preparing the plan of adequate treatment of posttraumatic contracture of masticatory muscles that indicate the feasibility and effectiveness of the ultrasonography method. Using ultrasound method with following received results that calculated by special design formula we received objective and rapid method of diagnosing posttraumatic contracture of masticatory muscles that allows to set the degree of muscle damage and localization affected by this pathological process. Ultrasonography method can be used for the surveillance of patients with this pathology in the treatment and rehabilitation, provided that its use requires further research needs.

ultrasonography, posttraumatic contracture, masticatory muscles, bone fractures, design formula

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 2 part 2 (108), 2014 year, 075-079 pages, index UDK 616. 742. 7-001. 3-009. 12-073. 48