Kulik V. V., Babijchuk V. G., Nevzorov V. P., Chernyavskaya E. A.

MORPHOLOGY

Scentific article

The rhythmic extreme cold exposure (RECE -1200C) on the body have a non-specific stimulatory effect. RECE are able to activate thermoregulatory centers, which leads to changes in the functional status of the organism. Intensity of these changes depends on the depth and duration of exposure low temperatures. They are largely attributable response of thermoregulatory centers located in the hypothalamus. The cerebral cortex is the connecting link between the effect of RECE on the CNS. As far RECE particular influence on the morphological and functional state of the cerebral cortex and subcortical structures are not well understood the purpose of the study was to examine the effect of rhythmic extreme cold exposures (-1200C) on the submicroscopic features of the organization of neurons of the cerebral cortex of young and old rats. Materials and methods. The experiments were performed on the 6 and 24-month non-linear male rats. Each age group of animals was divided into two subgroups (7 rats each): one subgroup — 6 and 24-month intact rat; second subgroup — 6 and 24 month rat after 9 sessions RECE. RECE conducted in the cryochamber for extreme cooling of experimental animals. On the next day after the last session the rats were taken out and the experiment was performed by decapitation fence cortex tissue. The resulting material was examined under an electron microscope EMW-100BR. Results and discussion. The ultrastructure of pyramidal neurons in the cerebral cortex of young intact rats testified to their high structural and functional activity, which was confirmed by matrix-coated core, which mainly contain granules of decondensed chromatin. Degradation of intracellular membrane structures and organelles of cells in this group of animals is almost absent. Electron microscopic study of pyramidal neurons in the cerebral cortex of young rats after 9 sessions RECE demonstrated moderately pronounced activation of bioenergy. It became more mitochondria’s and cristes in them. Increased functional state of mitochondria confirms that preparations fissile forms. In a group of old intact animals in the study of the ultrastructural architectonics pyramidal neurons of the cerebral cortex revealed that they are developing intracellular catabolic processes. Organelles were signs of dystrophic and destructive breaches of membrane structures. The submicroscopic organization of pyramidal neurons in the cerebral cortex of old rats after 9 sessions RECE, had been an increase of the functional activity of neurons that are structurally manifested in hyperplasia of granular endoplasmic reticulum membranes, occurrence of fissile forms of mitochondria and an increase in the number of ribosomes and polysomes in the cytoplasm. The experimental data indicate that the effect of RECE on the young and old animals stimulate synthetic bioenergy metabolic functions and cerebral cortex.

rhythmic extreme cold exposure, neurons of the cerebral cortex, mitochondria

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 1 part 1 (126), 2016 year, 288-294 pages, index UDK 616.8-091.81:612.086.3:616-001.18