Mateshuk-Vatseba L. R., Hirniak І. І.

MORPHOLOGY

Scentific article

The article is devoted to the topical problem of modern medicine – the influence of opioids on the structural organization of organs. Information in the professional literature on this problem is insufficient and often contradictoryThe study aimed to establish the features of changes in the ultrastructure of the common bile duct wall in the dynamics of long-term experimental effects of opioid for creation of the morphological basis for the development of methods for preventing structural changes in the bile ducts for using narcotic agents. The study was performed on 24 adult white male rats, aged 4.5-5.5 months and weighing 180-220 g. Administration of nalbuphine was performed intramuscularly, according to the following scheme: I week – 8 mg/kg, II week – 15 mg/kg, III week – 20 mg/kg, IV week – 25 mg/kg, V week – 30 mg/kg, VI week – 35 mg/kg. The method of electron microscopy was used. The study and photographing of the material were performed using a microscope UEMV-100 K at an acceleration voltage of 75 kV and magnifications on the microscope screen of 1000-12000 x. The results of the study allowed us to obtain new data on changes in the ultrastructure of the common bile duct wall at different times (after 2, 4, and 6 weeks) of the opioid effect. The first changes in the ultrastructural organization of the common bile duct wall are developed after two weeks of Nalbuphine administration to white rats and manifested by signs of microvascular angiopathy, edema of the own plate in the mucous membrane and connective tissue layers between the bundles of smooth myocytes of the duct muscular membrane. Angiopathy was evidenced by changes in all parts of the hemomicrocirculatory tract. Capillaries had an enlarged lumen filled with altered shape (dumbbell-shaped) erythrocytes and blood plasma, the endothelial cell nuclei lost their proper shape, the nuclear membrane formed deep intussusception, condensed chromatin was mainly distributed along the nuclear membrane; on the periphery, the cytoplasm of some endotheliocytes is expanded, others are indurated in the form of a strip, contained many micropinocytic vesicles, formed cytoplasmic growths in the lumen of the vessel, mitochondria have a weak electron density due to edema, there are visible single dilated cristae. The long-term effect of opioid caused profound destructive changes in cellular elements (cholangiocytes, glandular epitheliocytes, smooth myocytes) of the common bile duct wall, in particular, loss of proper cell shape, karyopyknosis and karyorrhexis of their nuclei; edema and enlightenment of cytoplasma, development of small vacuole dystrophy of cells, and organelle fragmentation. The mitochondrial apparatus and the granular endoplasmic reticulum of cholangiocytes were particularly affected. Mitochondria have the swollen matrix and destroyed crystals, membranes of some mitochondria are intermittent, cristae are damaged, many mitochondria turned into large vacuoles, a granular endoplasmic reticulum is destructured, fragments of granular endoplasmic reticulum are hypertrophied, its cisterns are expanded, in some places merged, forming unstructured areas. Paranuclear and paracellular edema developed, intercellular contacts were broken. After six weeks of Nalbuphine administration to experimental animals, the disorganization of connective tissue elements indicated the development of fibrosis of the common bile duct wall. The presented data are the basis for further research by morphologists and clinicians to develop new methods for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of bile duct diseases in drug addicts and patients who are forced to take opioids for a long time

common bile duct, ultrastructure, opioid, experiment.

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 3 (157), 2020 year, 237-241 pages, index UDK 611.367-018.1:615.212.7]-08

10.29254/2077-4214-2020-3-157-237-241