ONTOLOGY OF CONGENITAL DEFECTS OF THE FEMUR

  2. 2021
  3. ONTOLOGY OF CONGENITAL DEFECTS OF THE FEMUR
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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2021 Issue 3, 161,

Hryhorieva P. V.

ONTOLOGY OF CONGENITAL DEFECTS OF THE FEMUR

About the author:

Hryhorieva P. V.

Heading:

LITERATURE REVIEWS

Type of article:

Scentific article

Annotation:

Deepening and generalization of already existing knowledge about rare diseases and congenital anomalies become relevant in modern medical practice. Congenital malformations (CM) of the lower extremities are represented by a wide range of anomalies that occur due to impaired formation or differentiation of one or more bones. Based on the analysis of literature sources, an attempt is made to generalize the existing information about the CM of the skeleton of the lower extremities and proposed their classification and interpretation according to the alphabet. CM of the lower extremities is relatively rare, the incidence is about 1 in 1300-2000 live births. CM of the long bones of the lower extremities is usually unilateral and solitary but may be associated with abnormalities of other bones and/or viscera. CM of the thigh is the most numerous group of anomalies of the lower extremities, among them there are 4 main subgroups. The first subgroup includes CM of the femur, in which all segments of the bone are present. These include hip shortening, various bone deformities, and hypoplasia of the proximal or distal parts. The second subgroup is characterized by the absence of the proximal femur. The third subgroup is represented only by the rudiments of femoral condyles, and in patients of the fourth subgroup – the femur is absent. Femoral morphometry has found its clinical application for the diagnosis of CM of the lower extremities. The length of the femur, which is measured by ultrasound in the third trimester of pregnancy is an important marker of delayed or impaired fetal development. From the point of view of X-ray anatomy, in terms of age, indicators that characterize the proximal femur, such as cervical-diaphyseal angle and ante torsion angle, are of practical importance. If femoral abnormalities are suspected, other congenital anomalies should be ruled out, including femoral facial syndrome, femoral tibia syndrome, and more severe deformities such as achondrogenesis, achondroplasia, chondroectodermal, and thanatophoric dysplasia.

Tags:

femur, congenital malformations, anatomy, human

Bibliography:

 

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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 3 (161), 2021 year, 26-31 pages, index UDK 611.718.4.012.013

DOI:

10.29254/2077-4214-2021-3-161-26-31

2021 Issue 3, 161
10.02.2023
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