Fastovets M. M., Нasiuk N. I., Kaliuzhka O. O., Artiomova N. S., Zhuk L. A.

LITERATURE REVIEWS

Scentific article

Abstract. A sedentary lifestyle, fatty and high-calorie nutrition in recent years have led to a sharp rise in the morbidity of obesity and other components of the metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents. During the transition to adolescence, excess body weight, formed in childhood, is normalized only in some adolescents. In many adolescents, obesity is complicated by insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia and arterial hypertension. One of the reasons for the start of chronic inappropriate for age pathology is a violation of the micronutrient balance in children. A certain spectrum of pathologies is associated with the deficiency of each micronutrient. The development of insulin resistance and the problem of overweight at any age is associated, first of all, with magnesium deficiency. Magnesium, being one of the most important bioelements, is of particular importance for maintaining metabolic functions of the body and preventing obesity. Magnesium ions are an essential cofactor of numerous enzymes involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats. Sufficient intake of magnesium from food and magnesium preparations helps to normalize the sensitivity of tissues and cells to insulin, reduce hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, lipid peroxidation and reduces the risk of metabolic syndrome. Magnesium-deficient children and adolescents have a higher body mass index, stress level, and girls are more likely to have menstrual disorders. When diagnosing magnesium deficiency in the body, a simple determination of its level in the blood serum is not always sufficient to diagnose hypomagnesemia. It is necessary to use other indicators of the content of magnesium in the body (levels of magnesium in erythrocytes, lymphocytes, urine, hair, etc.). The problem of magnesium deficiency in children is very difficult to compensate only by consuming certain foods. Even modern plant foods can contain quite different amounts of magnesium, depending on its content in the soil and the methods of growing plants. Even higher consumption of magnesium-enriched foods is not always effective in compensating for magnesium deficiency. High-calorie foods in carbohydrates and fats are practically deprived of magnesium bioavailability. Magnesium deficiency in a diet like this provokes the accumulation of excess visceral fat. The issue of drug compensation of magnesium deficiency in children through the use of drugs based on organic magnesium salts is open.

magnesium deficiency, children, obesity, metabolic syndrome.

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 1 (159), 2021 year, 324-327 pages, index UDK 612.015.3-056.5-053.2

10.29254/2077-4214-2021-1-159-324-327