Reshetniak I. S., Bezega M. I.

MORPHOLOGY OF THE HUMAN MAXILLARY SINUS MUCOSA UNAFFECTED BY PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES

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About the author:

Reshetniak I. S., Bezega M. I.

Heading:

MORPHOLOGY

Type of article:

Scientific article

Annotation:

Normal functioning of the maxillary sinuses largely depends on the morphofunctional state of their mucous membrane, which ensures mucociliary clearance, barrier protection, immune reactivity, and maintenance of local homeostasis. Prolonged inflammatory or dysregulatory processes in this anatomical region may lead not only to clin ically pronounced disturbances of nasal breathing and sinus drainage but also to structural alterations of the mucous membrane. Damage to the mucosa of the ostiomeatal complex causes impaired ventilation and mucociliary clear ance of the anterior group of paranasal sinuses – the frontal sinus, the anterior cells of the ethmoidal labyrinth, and the maxillary sinus. The aim of the study was to determine the structural organization of the human maxillary sinus mucosa in the absence of pathological changes in the region of the ostiomeatal complex. The study was conducted with the participation of 64 patients in accordance with bioethical principles. A microscopic analysis of the intact mucous membrane of the maxillary sinus was performed with evaluation of its structural organization and the fea tures of the hemomicrocirculatory bed. It was established that the mucous membrane of the maxillary sinus in areas without pathomorphological alterations retains the typical morphofunctional organization of the respiratory type, which ensures barrier, secretory, and mucociliary functions. The covering epithelium is represented by pseudostrat ified ciliated columnar epithelium with a well-developed ciliary apparatus, a moderate number of goblet cells, and preserved basal cells without signs of dystrophy, atrophy, hyperplasia, or metaplasia. The hemomicrocirculatory bed is characterized by structural integrity of the arteriolar, capillary, and venular components and the absence of signs of microcirculatory disturbances. The absence of statistically significant differences (p<0.05) between the mor phometric parameters of the right and left maxillary sinuses allows the obtained values to be considered reference parameters for further comparative studies of pathologically altered mucous memb.

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Bibliography:

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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2026 Issue 1, 180, 441-450 pages, index UDC 611.216-018.73

DOI:

10.29254/2077-4214-2026-1-180-441-450