Pshychenko V. V., Cherno V. S., Chebotar L. D., Larycheva O. M., Petrova O. I.
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PINEAL GLAND OF NEWBORN RATS UNDER CONDITIONS OF CHRONIC PRENATAL HYPOXIA
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About the author:
Pshychenko V. V., Cherno V. S., Chebotar L. D., Larycheva O. M., Petrova O. I.
Heading:
MORPHOLOGY
Type of article:
Scientific article
Annotation:
Prenatal ontogeny is a period of high sensitivity to the influence of stress factors. Prenatal hypoxia is one of the most common and clinically significant stress factors that cause mortality and disability among newborns. Prenatal hypoxia during critical periods of brain formation leads to pathomorphological changes in brain structures, accompanied by behavioral disorders and learning abilities, neurological disorders, and disruption of adaptation processes. Since the pineal gland is actively involved in adaptation processes in response to stress factors, the aim of our study was to study the morphological and functional changes in the pineal gland of newborn rats after exposure to chronic prenatal hypoxia. Experimental studies were conducted on the offspring of female Wistar rats of both sexes. Experimental animals were divided into 2 groups: control and experimental. The first (control) group was formed by 6 newborn animals from females that were in normal vivarium conditions without the influence of additional factors. The second group was formed by 6 newborn animals from female rats, which were injected subcutaneously with a sodium nitrite solution at a dose of 50 mg/kg every day from the 16th to the 21st day of pregnancy. Prenatal hypoxia is accompanied by morphological changes in the parenchyma and vascular bed of the pineal gland. It was established that in the peripheral regions of the parenchyma, stromal components, light cells with vacuolated cytoplasm, and glial cells were identified. The central zone of the parenchyma is formed by a mass of undifferentiated immature pinealocytes. n the central zones of the pineal gland, we also found areas with signs of focal and complete lysis of pinealocytes, manifested by discoloration of the nuclear substance and nucleolus and the formation of nuclear "shadows" with their subsequent dissolution. Microscopic examination of the blood bed of the pineal gland revealed marked signs of extra-organ blood circulation disorder in the form of venous hyperemia, plasmatization, and spasm of arterial vessels. The detected pathomorphological changes indicate a decrease in the functional activity of the pineal gland, which leads to a violation of adaptation mechanisms.
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Bibliography:
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Publication of the article:
«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2024 Issue 1, 172, 420-425 pages, index UDC 591.481.3
