Bondarenko N. P., Tsapenko T. V.

THE INFLUENCE OF SMOKING ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ABNORMAL PLACENTA (LITERATURE REVIEW)

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About the author:

Bondarenko N. P., Tsapenko T. V.

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LITERATURE REVIEWS

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Scientific article

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Tobacco smoke contains toxic substances, which is why cigarette smoking is a recognized risk factor for cancer and cardiovascular disease. Pathological processes develop that disrupt cellular processes, including in pregnant women. Less well known are the possible beneficial effects, which are briefly discussed in this review. Despite warn- ings about the dangers of tobacco use during pregnancy, 10% to 15% of pregnant women continue to smoke. Some studies focus directly on the effects of smoking on the placenta. It has been determined that smoke compounds cause disturbances in endometrial maturation and affect angiogenesis and trophoblastic invasion, but the mechanisms by which nicotine affects the implantation process are not yet fully understood. The placenta is a functional interface between the mother and the fetus during pregnancy and a critically important factor in fetal growth and health throughout life. Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as stillbirth and fetal growth retardation. This indicates impaired placental function and restricted nutrient and oxygen supply. Scien- tific literature confirms the importance of placental responses to changes in the oxygen environment in terms of cel- lular, molecular, and functional changes aimed at increasing oxygen supply and/or mitigating oxidative stress in the placenta as a means of optimizing fetal growth and are considered in terms of adaptive-compensatory mechanisms in the process of trophoblast invasion. Studying the nature and consequences of the activation of these molecular mediators may help to better understand the nature of abnormal placentation in smoking during pregnancy.

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Bibliography:

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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2025 Issue 3,178, 11-18 pages, index UDC 61.618.3.-618.36-007.4

DOI:

10.29254/2077-4214-2025-3-178-11-18