Sokolenko V. L., Sokolenko S. V.

PHYSIOLOGY

Scentific article

A considerable part of Ukraine’s territory is contaminated with long-lived radionuclide 137Cs, and so, people living there from birth, suffer chronic affection of low dose radiation. There are few data on gender dimorphism in vital activities of various physiological systems of this group and so, they require further analysis. The importance of gender factor in realization of significant parameters of the immune, endocrine systems and lipid metabolism in conditions of prolonged effect of low dose radiation was investigated. The research involved 83 males and 117 females (who were examined in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle), the inhabitants of enhanced radiation monitoring area (IV radiation zone, the density of soil contamination with isotopes 137Cs is 3.7∙104 – 18.5∙104 Bq/m2). All examined are the students of Cherkassy State University, aged 18-24 years, at the time of research not having any acute diseases. We determined the leukocyte formula, phagocytic activity, major subpopulations of lymphocytes of the peripheral blood, levels of serum immunoglobulins and cortisol, cholesterol, TSH, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). No statistically significant difference between the analyzed immune system parameters among patients of different sexes from the areas of enhanced radiation monitoring was marked. Such regularity is typical in both the absence and presence of emotional stress caused by the winter examinations. Perhaps gender-caused variation in immune system parameters appears either in the cases of severe abnormalities, or during stressful effects of higher intensity. During earlier studies in 1995-2000 any significant difference of total cholesterol and cortisol in peripheral blood of examined of both sexes was not found. In 2010-2016 the tendency for growth in total cholesterol in females was marked. Under the influence of emotional stress cortisol level increased, regardless of the gender of the patients, total cholesterol showed a rising trend. A significant difference in both parameters between examined men and women did not appear. In our studies we revealed a wide variation of thyroid profile parameters, perhaps, this caused the absence of significant difference between TSH, T3 and T4 levels in the examined of both sexes (before emotional stress, and during it). Within the groups with the symptoms of euthyroidism and hypothyroidism the correlation of men and women was almost equal, within a group with symptoms of hyperthyroidism, the rate of males was slightly higher (56%). Thus, there is no statistically significant gender variation in the analyzed parameters of immune and thyroid systems and cholesterol level in peripheral blood (also under conditions of additional emotional stress) within examined people who long lived in the areas contaminated with radionuclides and suffered chronic effects of low doses of ionizing radiation. On the one hand, it may indicate an absence of severe pathologies in patients, since, according to the literature, under such circumstances gender differences in analyzed parameters become more apparent. On the other hand, a discovered effect could be a sign of body’s adaptive capacities depletion, which was caused by prolonged radiation exposure, and also the leveling gender factor’s importance in immunoneuroendocrine regulation.

gender factor, low doses of radiation, immunity, thyroid status, cholesterol

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 1 (135), 2017 year, 412-416 pages, index UDK 57.017.55+577.3+612.017+616-092.12:616.839-008+665.238