Introduction. Over the last decade, the problem of drug induced liver toxicity (DILT) has not lost its relevance. Doctors, clinical pharmacologists of the world scientific society note the tendency of growth in the number of fixed DILT. Among drugs with a hepatotoxic side effect there are local anesthetics of amide group (in particular a 2% lidocaine hydrochloride solution) that metabolized in the liver with the formation of active metabolites and widely used in dental practice. The aim of the trials was to investigate the morphological changes in liver tissue with a different number of injections of a 2% lidocaine hydrochloride solution in the head and neck region of experimental animals. Object and methods. Experimental study were carried out in two series (10 animals each) of laboratory white mice. The animals of the first series were injected every 3-4 days (1, 3, 7, 11, 15 days, 5 injections) with a sterile solution of water for injection into the submandibular region (mandibular nerve block anesthesia, extraoral technique). Series 1st was the comparisons series. The animals of the second series were injected every 3-4 days (1, 3, 7, 11, 15 days, 5 injections) with 2% lidocaine hydrochloride solution also in the submandibular region (mandibular nerve block anesthesia, extraoral technique) in the average therapeutic doses, based on the data of clinical pharmacology. Results of the study and discussion. Analyzing the obtained morphological data, it was revealed that in individuals of the first series there were observed no hepatotoxic changes at all observation times. In the morphological study of the liver of individuals of the second series there was revealed that with the increasing of the number of injections of 2% lidocaine hydrochloride solution, it was observed the increasing the number of hepatocyte necrosis foci, their enlargement, fatty degeneration of the liver, periportal infiltration, and cholestasis. The observed morphological changes in the liver tissue after the fifth injections (15th days) can give us grounds to evaluate this toxic reactions as chronic drug induced liver toxicity (chronic toxic reactions). Conclusion. As a result of the obtained data analysis we can make the conclusion that drug induced liver toxicity in a case of 2% lidocaine hydrochloride solution that occurs even after its first administration and increases with the increasing of the number of injections into the head and neck region with a time step of 3-4 days, which dictates the need for preventive activities.
hepatotoxicity, lidocaine hydrochloride solution hepatotoxicity, еxperimental study, anesthetic injections in the head and neck
«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 3 (145), 2018 year, 318-321 pages, index UDK 616.31-089.5-009.614
