Herasymiuk I. Ye., Martynchuk O. M.

THE EFFECT OF PROLONGED ADMINISTRATION OF DEXAMETHASONE IN HIGH DOSES ON THE STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF KIDNEYS AND THEIR BLOOD VESSELS BED IN WHITE RATS

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About the author:

Herasymiuk I. Ye., Martynchuk O. M.

Heading:

MORPHOLOGY

Type of article:

Scientific article

Annotation:

Corticosteroids are widely used in medical practice due to their anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, antiallergic and other properties. At the same time, scientific research in recent decades has shown that prolonged use of hormonal drugs suppresses the production of the body's own hormones based on the physiological principle of "negative feedback". It is also known that synthetic corticosteroids, including dexamethasone, are many times more effective than their natural counterparts. It should also be noted that an important role in the occurrence of various pathological processes and their reverse development belongs to the peculiarities and nature of blood supply to organs and systems and its remodelling. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the peculiarities of structural changes in the kidneys of white rats and their blood vessels bed under prolonged administration of dexamethasone in high doses. The experiments were performed on white laboratory mature rats injected daily with dexamethasone intramuscularly. Material for histological examination (kidney lobes) was collected after 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days of the experiment. The study results showed that prolonged administration of dexamethasone in high doses in the early stages of the experiment promotes renal circulation by dilating the lumen of renal vessels of all levels of branching with increased blood filling of the renal parenchyma. At the same time, excessive blood filling with blood stagnation in the glomerular capillaries led to hydropic dystrophy of the renal tubular epithelium. In the middle term of the experiment, renal circulation stabilised with partial restoration of the structural organisation of the renal corpuscles and renal tubular epithelium, which may be associated with a competitive depression of the adrenal glands' own hormone secretion under the influence of high doses of dexamethasone. At the final stage of the experiment, a decrease in the capacity of small arteries and arterioles was observed due to an increase in the tone of their smooth muscle membranes, which may be aimed at preventing overload of the renal haemomicrocirculatory bed and lead to the development of organ ischaemia with functional failure.

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Bibliography:

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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2024 Issue 1, 172, 387-394 pages, index UDC 616.61:616.136.7/.146.4]-085.272-092.9

DOI:

10.29254/2077-4214-2024-1-172-387-394