Romanova A. P.

SOCIAL MEDICINE AND ORGANIZATION OF HEALTHCARE PROTECTION

Scentific article

The differences in mortality between urban and rural populations are one of the features of the mortality in the population of the Republic of Belarus. Since the 60s of the last century, the growth of differences in the mortality rate of the population according to the type of the territory of residence takes place under the change in the age structure characterized by the aging of the population. The study of the differences in urban and rural mortality is of a scientific and practical interest in the context of consecutive implementation of a complex of state programs aimed at preserving and strengthening the health of the population of the Republic of Belarus. Aim of the study – to determine the dynamic differences in the mortality of the population / subpopulations of the Republic of Belarus according to the type of the territory of residence and to assess the effect of change in the age structure of the population on territorial differences of mortality. Object of the study – medical and demographic indicators of population health. Materials and methods. Crude mortality rates (CMR) and standardized mortality rates (SMR) using the world standard (Standard “World”) approved by WHO (2000), supermortality indices (SMI) and ratios of SMR of urban and rural population in the Republic of Belarus for the period from 1959 to 2016 have been calculated. Results. The minimum values of SMI were 1.6 times higher than the minimum values of SMR ratio of urban to rural population, rural to urban men and 1.8 times urban to rural women. The difference in the maximum values of SMI was 1.5 times higher than the ratio of SMR of urban to rural population, urban to rural men and 1.6 times rural to urban women. For the period from 1959 to 2016, the differences in the mortality of the population / subpopulations according to the type of territory of residence have increased 1.6 times on the basis of the assessment of the ratio of SMR. Conclusion. The change in age structure of the population of the Republic of Belarus within the period from 1959 to 2016 potentiated the degree of differences in mortality between urban and rural population, regardless of gender; especially, it concerned the differences between urban and rural female population mortality rate. The minimal differences in the mortality rate of the population of the Republic of Belarus according to the type of the territory of residence were observed in 1969, which increased by 1.6 times by 2011. Since 2011, the decrease of the differences in mortality among urban and rural population regardless of gender is connected with the implementation of a complex of state programs aimed at preserving and strengthening the health of the population of the Republic of Belarus.

urban population mortality rate, rural population mortality rate, aging of the population, demographic transition

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 2 (144), 2018 year, 341-346 pages, index UDK 314.116-053:314.14 (476)

10.29254/2077-4214-2018-2-144-341-346