Talash R. V.

MORPHOLOGY

Scentific article

The article presents literature data, results of visual and metric system analysis of shapes and dimensional indicators of third molars preparations, which were extracted for different clinical indications from men and women of the first period of adulthood. We showed that the separate visual and morphometric analysis of the third molars indicates an individual and sexual variability of the shapes and sizes of third molars of men and women aging from 22 to 35. We established that the entire range of this variability is an external manifestation of only individual and sex characteristics of development and is not associated with age. We discovered that the largest teeth with long separated roots were found mainly in men, medium sized roots were observed in women, and their small analogs, with one short fused root section, were inherent in persons of both sexes. It is noteworthy that the third molars of men and women were extremely diverse. This was due to the odontoglyphic pattern of the occlusal surface of crowns, which depended both on the shape of the crown itself and on the configuration of the intertubercular fissures. So, in the overwhelming majority among male teeth the quadritubercular crown was found. Politubercular crown was found among female teeth. Bi- and tritubercular crown, as well as random, branched-broken fissure crown configuration were common in third molars of both sexes. In most cases, the inter-tubercular fissures of the lower third molars had, cruciform shapes typical of molars, and upper third molars had Н-type forms. It was revealed that various combinations of configurative relationships between the coronal and root parts of the third molars also depend on gender and location in the dentition, however they do not correlate with age. We found out that male third molars were slightly larger than their female counterparts. However, individual dimensional variability in female third molars was less pronounced than in males. At the same time, the metric parameters of the height and width of their coronal section turned out to be constant, whereas the length of the root section was variable, which determined the individual variability of the longitudinal measures of the third molars, both in men and women. To determine the metric parameters of third molars, the most informative is the determination of the altitudelatitude index of the crown and coronal-root index.

third molars, «wisdom teeth», individual and gender variability, intertubular fissures, crowns, roots, altitude-latitude index of the crown, coronal-root index.

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 4 (158), 2020 year, 285-291 pages, index UDK 616.314.5 – 053 – 055

10.29254/2077-4214-2020-4-158-285-291