Yeroshenko G. A., Donets I. M., Shevchenko K. V., Grigorenko A. S., Ryabushko O. B., Klepets O. V.

LITERATURE REVIEWS

Scentific article

Abstract. The analysis of the data of literature sources concerning features of a structure and reaction of lungs to action of various factors is carried out in work. Recent scientific studies investigate the changes in the macronutrient composition of the lungs of young rats under experimental alloxan diabetes, reorganization of blood vessels in the lungs of rats at different degrees of general dehydration, the effect of titanium nitride nanoparticles on the ultrastructure of the respiratory lungs in rats. histamine and sodium hypochlorite, the effect of experimental cranioskeletal trauma on the activity of lipid peroxidation in the lungs of rats of different ages. It is known that two main systems are involved in the functioning of the lungs – the airways and the bloodstream, which are structurally connected by an interstitial stroma, which runs throughout the lung and connects its various parts. Connective tissue plays a leading role in the lungs. It causes the transmission of air pump movements, which is characteristic of the respiratory organ, supports two other systems necessary for the regulation of respiratory function: lymph and nerve connections, serves as a barrier between the lungs, thus providing a metabolic link between different cells pulmonary parenchyma. For these cells, it is the main microenvironment. The pulmonary stroma is dominated by elements of mechanical functioning – collagen and elastic fibers. During inflammation, in addition to the processes of decomposition, characterized by the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, depolymerization of protein-polysaccharide complexes and the appearance of underoxidized metabolic products, the synthesis processes begin to intensify. In this process, fibroblasts, connective tissue cells with high synthesis activity, and histiocytes, which play a protective role, become important. It is established that according to the general principles of structural organization the lungs of rats correspond to those in humans, which gives grounds for using rats as an experimental model in studying the effect of exogenous factors on the respiratory system with the possibility of extrapolating the results to humans.

lungs, structure, remodeling, exogenous factors, rats.

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 2 (160), 2021 year, 26-29 pages, index UDK 616.24:599.323.4

10.29254/2077-4214-2021-2-160-26-29