Liubarets S. F.

CONTENTS

Scentific article

Last decades of the previous century and the beginning of the 21st century were characterized with increased spread of the hard dental tissues defects, and we should note increased percentage of both non-carious lesions developing after teeth eruption and pathologies formed during their development, e. g. before eruption, systemic hypoplasia and molar-incisal enamel hypomineralization. The majority of researchers who studied the dental development defects consider caries to be the main complication. They have conducted the study of 60 chil- dren aged 7-14 years, who were referred for treatment to the pediatric therapeutical stomatology and prevention of stomatological diseases department, NMU after O. Bohomolets. They were grouped as follows: group 1 – children with systemic enamel hypoplasia (20 children), group 2 – children with molar-incisal enamel hypomineralization (20 children), group 3 – children without hard dental tissues lesions (20 children), The systemic hypoplasia in the studied groups was characterized by affected teeth groups, the intramandibular mineralization of which occurred simultaneously. The first permanent molars and mandibular and maxillary incisors were affected most often. The detailed anamnesis provided for the detection of the chronological dependence of hard dental tissues affection on the disease period and severity. The prevailing diseases were acute respiratory diseases, pneumonia, bronchitis, intestinal disbacteriosis, quite often with antibiotics administration. The molar- incisal enamel hypomineralization was characterized with various severity asymmetric lesions of incisors and first molars, with absent visible causes of the lesions. The increased salivary viscosity prevailed in children of the 1st and 2nd groups. In children of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd groups had satisfactory level of the oral hygiene. The Green-Vermillion index in groups №1 and №2 makes up 1,4±0,23 and 1,2±0,21, appropriately. In control group this figure was 0,8±0,2 (p1,2<0,5). In children with hard dental tissues defects there has been noted increased caries susceptibility of the enamel (the average ТЕR figure is 6). The control group was characterized with the figures appropriate to the conventional- ly-resistant enamel ( the average ТЕR figure is 4). It is possible to detect the enamel resistance clinically by the indirect signs, e. g. by the structural peculiarities- the depth and anatomy of the molars and premolars’ fissures, teeth eruption terms. Among the studied two groups there has been detected low mineralization level (the chewing surface enamel isn’t glistening, all fissures are white, the probe sticks in 2 or 3 most deep fissures). The control group was diagnosed with the average mineralization level. The results of questioning show us that the children don’t possess the required knowledge about the oral cavity hygiene. The preventive-curative measures included: 1) preventive program with obligatory professional oral hygiene, teaching oral hygiene and further monitoring during next dental visits, recommendations about the choice of the stomatological hygienic measures as well as regular mineralizing action of the appropriate preparations. 2) Oral cavity sanation. The repeated examination of the children in a year evidenced about good oral hygiene in all children, caries growth in groups № 1 and № 2 made up 1,5 and 1,3 appropriately.

hard dental tissues defects, caries, prevention, children.

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