Shcherba V. V., Korda M. M.

DENTISTRY

Scentific article

In recent years, periodontal disease has become of the global medical and social problem due to their widespread and adverse effects on the overall health of the population. Inflammatory periodontal disease are considered not only as a local inflammation of the tissues surrounding the tooth, caused by the microflora of the plaque, but also as the body’s response to bacterial infection. The aim of our study was to investigate the phagocytic and metabolic activity of blood neutrophils in rats with periodontitis without concomitant pathology and combined with hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. The study was conducted on 48 white male rats, which were divided into the following groups: I – control animals; ІІ – animals with the model of periodontitis; III – rats with periodontitis and hyperthyroidism; IV – rats with periodontitis and hypothyroidism. As indices of phagocytosis, phagocytic activity, phagocytic index and phagocytic number were determined. Oxygen dependent bactericidal activity of blood neutrophils was studied using nitrosin tetrazolium test (NST-test). The increase of phagocytic activity of blood neutrophils (by 25.3%; p<0.001) and decrease by 1.4 times (p<0.001) of their absorption capacity in animals with simulated periodontitis was found. The number of diphorosa-positive cells in the spontaneous NST-test in animals with simulated periodontitis significantly increased by 32.8% and in the activated group by 40.1% relative to the control group. When calculating the metabolic activation factor, its reliable increase was set by 41.0%. In rats with periodontitis, against the hypothyroidism, the phagocytic activity of blood neutrophils relative to control has not significantly changed, but it was by 23.9% (p<0.001) lower relative to animals with simulated periodontitis without concomitant pathology and by 16.1% (p<0.001) lower in comparison with rats with periodontitis and hyperthyroidism. The number of dyroxant-positive cells in the activated NST-test in this group of animals did not significantly change with respect to control, but was by 24.9% lower for animals with simulated periodontitis without concomitant pathology and by 31.7% lower compared to rats with periodontitis and hyperthyroidism. At the same time, the reserve indicator was by 14.9% significantly lower in relation to control, and by 20.8% less in relation to animals with simulated periodontitis without concomitant pathology and did not significantly change compared with rats with periodontitis and hyperthyroidism. The metabolic activation coefficient in rats with periodontitis and hypothyroidism was by 25.6% (p<0.001) lower in animals with simulated periodontitis without concomitant pathology and by 32.2% (p<0.001) less in comparison with rats with periodontitis and hyperthyroidism. Thus, inflammation, subject to experimental periodontitis, runs on the background of altered phagocytosis, whose dysfunction is accompanied by an increase in the phagocytic activity of neutrophils and a simultaneous decrease in their absorbing capacity. The increase in the parameters of the spontaneous and activated NST-test under the condition of the experimental periodontitis indicates activation of oxygens-dependent mechanisms of phagocyte killing and their bactericidal property. The imbalance of thyroid hormones in the condition of experimental periodontitis significantly affects the functional and metabolic activity of phagocytes, especially in hypothyroidism, which indicates the depletion of metabolic reserves of these cells and the violation of the process of phagocytosis.

periodontitis, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, neutrophils

• Nikolaeva AV, Makarenko OA. Izuchenie stepeni destruktivnikh izmenenii v tkaniakh parodonta pri modelirovanii parodontita u belykh kryssamok razlichnykh vozrastnykh periodov. Klinichna ta eksperymentalna patolohiia. 2016;15(58):74-8. [in Russian].
• Maianskaia NN, Rymar SS, Maianskaia SD. Osobennosti techeniia vospalitelnogo protcessa u krys s eksperimentalnym gipo- i gipertireozom. Kazanskii meditcinskii zhurnal. 2013;94(5):71-4. [in Russian].
• Bukharova MA, Korobeinikova TS. Rol fagotcitov v patogeneze parodontita. Materialy XV mezhdunarodnoi studencheskoi nauchnoprakticheskoi konferentcii. Cheboksary: TSNS «Interaktiv plyus»; 2017. s. 39-42. [in Russian].
• Moyseeva EH. Metabolicheskiy gomeostaz i imunnaya reaktivnost organizma v dinamike vospaleniya v tkanyakh parodonta (eksperimental’noye issledovaniye) [avtoreferat]. Moskva: 2008. 45 s. [in Russian].
• Ratushnenko VO. Funktsionalna rol tiol-dysulfidnoi systemy pry eksperymentalnomu hipo- i hipertyreozi. Odeskyi medychnyi zhurnal. 2010;2(118):17-20. [in Ukrainian].
• European convention for the protection of vertebrate animals used for experimental and other scientific purposes: Council of Europe. Strasbourg: 1986; 123. 52 p.
• Neyko YeM, Herych PR, Ostrovskyi MM, Tomashchuk LM. Kysenzalezhni funktsii fahotsytiv u khvorykh na khronichne obstruktyvne zakhvoriuvannia lehen. Zdobutky klinichnoi i eksperymentalnoi medytsyny. 2010;1:100-4. [in Ukrainian].
• Gordienko GI, Borodina TM, Dudina TA, Samsygina GA. Issledovanie poglotitelnoi i metabolicheskoi aktivnosti neitrofilov perifericheskoi krovi u detei rannego vozrasta. Pediatriia. 2003;5:1-11. [in Russian].
• Gromov SA, Lipatova LV. Diagnostika kliniko-neiroimmunologicheskikh narushenii u bolnykh epilepsiei s sindromom entcefalopatii, ikh immunokorrektciia i lechenie: metodicheskie rekomendatcii. Sankt-Peterburg: 2010. 27 s. [in Russian].
• Mokrenko EV, Shabanov PD. Lechenie vospalitelno-degenerativnykh porazhenii miagkikh tkanei parodonta s ispolzovaniem immunomoduliatorov. Rossiiskii mediko-biologicheskii vestnik imeni akademika I.P. Pavlova. 2015;4:21-9. [in Russian].
• Akhkamova TM, Bulgakova AI, Medvedev YuA, Valeev IV. Sostoianie mestnogo immuniteta rotovoi polosti v usloviiakh kompleksnoi terapii khronicheskogo generalizovannogo parodontita. Bashkirskii meditcinskii vestnik. 2007;2:83-6. [in Russian].
• Vokhmintceva LV, Rymar SS. Kislorodzavisimaia biotcidnost neitrofilov u krys s vospaleniem v parodonte, protekaiushchim na fone gipotireoza. Vestnik VolGMU. 2009;3(31):63-6. [in Russian].
• Saveleva NN. Fagotcitarnaia aktivnost neitrofilov krovi u patcientov s khronicheskim generalizovannym parodontitom I-II stepeni tiazhesti na fone parazitozov. Vestnik VGMU. 2016;15(4):80-7. [in Russian].

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 1 Part 2 (143), 2018 year, 373-378 pages, index UDK 616.314.17-008.1-06:616.441-008.61/64-06:616.155.34]-092.9

10.29254/2077-4214-2018-1-2-143-373-378