Hnatyuk M. S., Tatarchuk L. V., Stets N. Ya.

MORPHOMETRIC ASPECTS OF THE STUDY OF THE DIAPHRAGM IN THE CONDITIONS OF POSTOPERATIVE HYPERTENSION IN THE PULMONARY ARTERY SYSTEM

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About the author:

Hnatyuk M. S., Tatarchuk L. V., Stets N. Ya.

Heading:

MORPHOLOGY

Type of article:

Scientific article

Annotation:

The diaphragm is considered the primary muscle responsible for breathing. This organ often undergoes structural and functional changes during various pathological processes. Most researchers believe that blood flow disorders in the large and small circulatory systems, as well as the portal system, also affect the morphological and functional changes and dysfunction of the diaphragm. Today, there are controversial and unclear issues in the pathogenesis of diaphragmatic dysfunction, among which its remodelling in conditions of post-resection arterial pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary heart disease remains unexplored. Thus, a detailed and comprehensive study of the patterns of diaphragmatic remodelling in various haemodynamic disorders is essential. The costal part of the diaphragm of 62 white male rats was morphologically studied. The rats were divided into three groups: 15 animals were controls, 35 rats with arterial post-resection pulmonary hypertension and compensated pulmonary heart disease were included in the second group, and the third group consisted of 12 animals with post-resection pulmonary hypertension and decompensated pulmonary heart. The rats were euthanised by bloodletting under thiopental anaesthesia. Massometry and planimetry of the heart chambers were performed. On histological sections of the diaphragm, the cross-sectional area of the muscle fibre, the area of its nuclei, the nuclear-cytoplasmic index, the volume of muscle fibres, stroma, damaged muscle fibres, and stromal-myocyte ratios were determined. The obtained digital data were statistically processed. It was established that right-sided pneumonectomy led to post-resection pulmonary hypertension, development of pulmonary heart and its decompensation, and pronounced remodelling of the diaphragm. The examined organ showed disorders of lymphatic circulation, hypertrophy, dystrophy, necrosis of muscle fibres, cellular infiltration, and stromal proliferation. The volume of damaged muscle fibres in pulmonary hypertension with compensated pulmonary heart disease increased statistically significantly by 5.7 times, and in pulmonary heart decompensation, by 16.6 times. It was found that the most pronounced quantitative morphological changes occurred in the diaphragm, in conjunction with post-resection pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary heart decompensation.

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Bibliography:

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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2025 Issue 3,178, 377-384 pages, index UDC 611.12-08:612.6-092

DOI:

10.29254/2077-4214-2025-3-178-377-384