Liulka Ye. M.

MORPHOLOGICAL METHODS FOR THE STUDY OF THE HUMAN CORONARY VENOUS SINUS

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About the author:

Liulka Ye. M.

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METHODS AND METHODOLOGIES

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Scientific article

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The coronary venous sinus is the main venous collector of the heart, providing outflow from most of the myo cardium and participating in the formation of the anatomical and functional microenvironment of the posterior atrioventricular region. Despite the significant interest in this anatomical formation in cardiac surgery, electrophys iology and interventional cardiology, systematized data on its macro- and micromorphology, segmental variability of the wall structure and morphometric approaches to assessment remain fragmentary. The aim of the study is to substantiate and systematize modern morphological approaches to the study of the human coronary venous sinus based on the analysis of data from macroanatomical, histological and morphometric studies, as well as to determine the methodological principles of standardized assessment of the structure of its wall on histological preparations. Descriptive, comparative and structural-logical generalization methods were used. Data on the macrotopography of the coronary sinus, its tributaries, the area of the ostium and the valve of Thebesian, the histological organization of the wall (intima, media, adventitia), the component composition and segmental features of the proximal, middle, distal sections and the ostium zone are summarized. A list of morphometric parameters relevant for preparations stained with hematoxylin-eosin, according to Van Gieson and immunohistochemical methods is systematized. Prin ciples of anatomical and histological standardization of material selection are proposed to increase the reproduc ibility of results. The morphology of the coronary sinus is characterized by pronounced segmental variability, which requires a separate analysis of the trunk sections and the ostium zone. The most suitable reference area for a stan dardized morphometric study is the middle part of the trunk of the coronary sinus. The integrated use of routine, special, and immunohistochemical methods provides a complete assessment of the structural components of its wall and is important for morphology, cardiology, and interventional practice.

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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2026 Issue 1, 180, 389-397 pages, index UDC 611.142-018:616-07

DOI:

10.29254/2077-4214-2026-1-180-389-397