Dovhal H. V., Savochkina M. V., Dovhal M. A.

MORPHOLOGY

Scentific article

The aim of research was to study the changes in the morphogenesis of the rat kidneys in early postnatal development under the toxic effect of lead acetate during the prenatal period, as well as before pregnancy. Material and methods. Experimental studies were carried out on female rats of the Wistar line weighing 200-220 g. The females of the experimental group received a 2.5% aqueous solution of lead acetate at the dosage of 50 mg/ kg once a day for two weeks before the onset of pregnancy and during the pregnancy. On days 1 and 7 of postnatal development, the histological and ultrastructural study of the kidneys was performed. Results. On days 1 and 7, the differentiation of the glomeruli and the tubulo-vascular system was not completed. The number of interstitial space has decreased and the density of the renal glomeruli and tubules has increased. The violations of glomerular perfusion and filtration were observed, as well as the stasis of erythrocytes. The dystrophic changes in endotheliocytes and podocytes were noticed. After exposure to lead acetate, more severe disorders were found in the medullar layer, a blood overflow to the vessels, especially on the border with the cortical layer. The ultrastructural changes in the epithelium of the tubules were noticed as swelling of mitochondria, although the integrity of the epithelial layer was safe. The increase of the number of invaginations and caveolae was found on the luminal surface of endotheliocytes. The basement membrane was heterogeneous in its structure due to the alternation of typical three-layer structure and extended areas of edema. The changes of podocyte were mosaic: some of them had electron-dense cytoplasm, others demonstrated abnormal pattern of cytopodia development, and the thickness of the filtration barrier was irregular. The disorders in the tubular apparatus were moderate and associated with edema and destruction of mitochondria, resulting in the atypical vesicles of different diameters. Conclusion. The most prominent nephrotoxic impact of lead acetate is the damage of membrane organelles, especially mitochondria, in the epithelium of the tubules, and also the destruction of the microvessels endothelium.

kidneys, rats, morphogenesis, lead, toxicity.

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 2 Part 2 (165), 2022 year, 50-58 pages, index UDK 611.61.013.,611.61.018,611.06.,611.1/.8

10.29254/2077-4214-2022-2-2-165-50-58