Hurenko O. O., Drozdovska S. B.

MECHANISMS OF GUT MICROBIOME AND CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM REGULATION IN WOMEN WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME THROUGH SKELETAL MUSCLE ACTIVITY

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About the author:

Hurenko O. O., Drozdovska S. B.

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SPORT MEDICINE

Type of article:

Scientific article

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Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a multifactorial condition that encompasses a combination of cardiometabolic disor- ders, including insulin resistance, visceral obesity, elevated blood pressure, and atherogenic dyslipidemia. Its patho- genesis is closely related to a systemic, low-intensity inflammatory response and changes in the intestinal microbio- ta's structure. This study aimed to investigate the effect of physical training of different functional loads on metabolic markers and intestinal bacterial composition in women with confirmed MS. The study involved 68 female participants who were divided into three groups: two intervention groups (focusing on strength and aerobic exercises) and one control group. The comprehensive assessment included biochemical, clinical, and molecular genetic parameters. Microbiological analysis was performed using quantitative PCR targeting 16S rRNA to determine the taxa Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes. After eight weeks of physical activity, there was a significant improvement in the metabolic profile in the strength training group: a decrease in HbA1c (−19%), fasting glucose (−15.1%), and HOMA-IR (−20.4%). This was accompa- nied by an increase in Bacteroides and a decrease in Firmicutes, which reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio by 43.5%. In addition, an increase in the population of Akkermansia muciniphila was noted, which is associated with anti-inflammatory effects and improved metabolic response. It has been established that physical activity indirectly affects the microbiome through the activation of AMPK-de- pendent glucose transport pathways, modification of intestinal motility, mucus secretion, and metabolic substrates. These effects may reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β) by regulating TLR-de- pendent signaling cascades. Thus, physical exercise shows potential as an effective tool for non-pharmacological correction of IR, inflamma- tion, and dysbiosis in the context of a comprehensive approach to treating MS.

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Bibliography:

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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», Issue 2,177, 465-474 pages, index UDC 796;797;798;799;796.015.62

DOI:

10.29254/2077-4214-2025-2-177-465-474