Miroshnik D. B. Kuznetsov K. A.

BIOLOGY

Scentific article

Effects of low-intensity static and low frequency magnetic fields on the organism are under consideration because of their possible practical application connected with usage in medicine, as well as their negative impact on health. There are restrictions on the use of high magnetic fields in medical applications, such as in magnetic resonance imaging. On the other hand, static and low frequency magnetic fields are used for therapeutic purposes. Many studies have shown the effect of low-intensity magnetic fields on cells and organisms. Its impact may cause increase of activity, lifetime, and the concentration of paramagnetic free radical, genetic mutations and / or apoptosis. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of magnetic field on the viability of human cells, as well as to investigate the effect of magnetic field on the appearance of stress reactions at the cellular level. Viability is supposed to be evaluated by the study of cell membrane permeability to ethidium bromide and indigo carmine. Stress reaction is supposed to be evaluated by counting granules of heterochromatin in cells nuclei after cells staining by orcein solution. Buccal epithelium cells for the experiments was taken from two donors: donor A (24) and donor B (23). Cells were obtained by scraping inside of the donor`s cheek and placed in buffer (3.03 mM phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, with addition of 2.89 mM CaCl¬2). Cells were exposed to a static magnetic field with a magnetic induction of 25 mT. The samples were exposed for different time intervals (1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 minutes). The effect of static magnetic field on condensation of nuclear chromatin in human buccal epithelium cells and the membrane permeability to the indigo carmine solution (2 mM), or to combination of 10 mg/ml Hoechst 33342 and ethidium bromide (5 mg/ml). Chromatin condensation was investigated in 100 cells stained by orsein 2% solution in 45% acetic acid. The permeability of cell membranes was investigated by calculation the portion of stained cells in 400 after exposure to the dye for 5 minutes. A significant increase in the amount of heterochromatin granules after magnetic field exposure for 3 minutes or more was found. Staining with indigo carmine showed no increase in the number of stained cells after exposure for 30 minutes or less. Permeability of cell membranes to ethidium bromide increased after cell exposure in the field for 1 minute and 10 minutes for the cells of different donors, correspondently. There were no changes in the level of cell membranes permeability after exposure for 30 minutes. Reaction of cell membrane permeability after cell exposure to magnetic field is expressed only in ethidium bromide test, but not in indigo carmine test. Cell answer to magnetic field revealed to be different to different donors. Based on the data, we can conclude, that static magnetic field of 25 mT does not have enough influence to cause significant deviations in membrane permeability of human buccal epithelial cells. At the same time, this effect is sufficient enough for induction of the cell stress, resulting in increasing the amount of heterochromatin granules in cells nuclei.

magnetic field, the cell membrane, chromatin, heterochromatin, vitality, stress

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 1 part 1 (126), 2016 year, 88-93 pages, index UDK 576:537.632/.636