The current level of development of industrial technologies does not allow the transition to environmentally friendly production, and one of the most common environmental pollutants are heavy metal ions, in particular cadmium. Scientific data on the influence of heavy metals on the overall course of embryogenesis and organogenesis is insufficient, and the highlights of the research are controversial and not subject to comparison because of the large difference in doses, methods of administration, etc. Therefore, studies on the effects of cadmium on embryogenesis should be conducted taking into account the dose-dependent effect, the duration of exposure, the route of administration, the age of the experimental animals. The morphofunctional state of organs and organs of organs after birth of embryos remains intact in conditions of termination of influence of negative factor. The aim of the study: experimentally determine the effect of low doses of cadmium citrate when administered in isolation and in combination with cerium citrate on the overall course of embryogenesis of rats during intragastric administration to pregnant females throughout the pregnancy. Object and methods. Our experimental studies were conducted on young Wistar rats’ female. The experiment was conducted in the vivarium of the DMA in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration, the relevant provisions of the WHO, the International Council for Medical Scientific Societies, and the International Code of Medical Ethics. The rats with the given date of pregnancy were divided into 3 groups, the first – control, the second – the introduction of cadmium citrate in a dose of 1.0 mg/kg body weight of the female, the third – the introduction of cadmium citrate in a dose of 1.0 mg/kg + cerium citrate in a dose of 1, 3 mg/kg. The possible negative effect of the test substance on embryonic development was judged by the ability to increase the level of embryonic mortality (embryo-lethal effect) and cause external and structural defects in the development of internal organs and bone system (teratogenic effect). The overall development of embryos was evaluated by the number of embryos, the number of yellow fetuses in the ovaries of females, the body mass of the embryo, and its compliance with the developmental stage according to generally accepted criteria for embryonic development of rats. The analysis of the results showed that in the group of cadmium citrate with isolated effect throughout the embryogenesis on the pregnant females there is an embryotoxic effect, which manifests itself in a significant decrease in the number of live fetuses on both 13 days and 20 days of pregnancy and in the increase of total embryonic mortality by 9, 45% (p <0.01) due to their predominant mortality in the preimplantation period. In the experiment group with the combined administration of citrate cadmium with cerium citrate, the decrease of the embryotoxic effect and the approximation of the basic parameters of embryogenesis to the control data are determined. The obtained data testify to the modifying effect of cerium citrate on the toxicity of cadmium citrate when combined in the experiment on rats.
cadmium citrate, cerium citrate, embryogenesis, embryotoxicity
«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 3 (145), 2018 year, 297-301 pages, index UDK 616.61:591.3:546.48:612.6
