Ostrovska S. S., Garets V. I., Shatorna V. F.

CONTENTS

Scentific article

Introdaction. Investigation of effects of plumbum (Pb) intoxication impact has been carried out for decades. Significantly less attention is paid to the impact of Pb on bone marrow (BM), though disorders in its func- tioning as a critical system, lead to accelerated death of the organism. It is known that impact of Pb on the or- ganism is accompanied by the development of anemia. Its cause is considered to be accelerated death of blood erythrocytes due to disorder of hemoglobin synthesis in these cells caused by Pb. However in this case anemia is not obligatory connected with destruction of erythrocytes, but decalcinization of marrow matrix always takes place, being linked with expressed ability of Pb to be accumulated in bones, to impact on metabolism of calcium (Са) compounds, reducing its content; this must lead to the change of micro-encirclement for blood-forming stem cells (BSC), and probably to the change of their function as well, anemia being one of its index. Investigation of this question is relevant and assessment of peculiarities of blood-forming in case of Са deficit in the organism is of great theoretical and practical significance. Reactions of the organism on the impact of factors of the environment in dependence with age are also of great medical and general biologic significance. However many aspects concerning age peculiarities of reaction of BM on intoxication caused by Pb remain poorly studied on practice. In this connection investigation of various systems of human being’s adaptation to the impact of negative factors of the environment is relevant as well. It is known that enhanced usage of alimentary Са has expressed defensive effect, especially it reduces stage of negative impact of Pb on the liver, but the data on efficiency of defensive effect of Са as for BM and its usage for anemia correction, including children exposed to Pb intoxication, are practically absent. The aim of the study is to define impact of plumbum acetate in concentration of 1/10 LD50 on BM of rats regard- ing their age and to assess efficiency of usage of alimentary Ca for correction of toxic action. Materials and methods. Experiments have carried out on 240 white male-rats of Vistar line. 120 rats were in the phase of progressive growth, with initial body mass of 97,6 ± 2,4 g. 120 other rats were in the phase of a stable growth with body mass of 222,6 ± 10,5 g. Rats were injected plumbum acetate intra-peritoneally by 1/10 LD50 in 1 ml of 0,9% NaCI solution during 10 days. Control group of animals received 0,9% NaCI by 1 ml. Rats were withdrawn from the experiment in 1, 3, 5, 10 days after priming, in 10 and 20 days after cessation of priming. Results and discussion. It was shown that Pb impact in the concentration of 1/10 LD50 causes devastation of BM and slows down its regeneration, this is accompanied by deficit of the earliest erythrocytes precursors and development of anemia in the peripheral blood, causes more expressed decrease of cells in BM, than in adult rats, under this condition anemia develops more intensively and preserves longer; this may be the main cause of a high incidence of hematologic diseases in children in case of Pb poisoning. Dietary intake enriched with calcium has an expressed defensive effect on blood-forming function of BM, therewith mechanism of defensive effect of Са is equally expressed both in young and adult animals. The conclusion is drawn that basic mechanism of impact of plumbum compounds on BM is caused by its ability to be accumulated in the bones, probably at the expense of loss of calcium compounds; this disturbs structure of bone tissue which is the micro-encirclement of BSC, function of the latter is being disturbed.

plumbum, calcium, bone marrow blood formation

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 3 part 1 (110), 2014 year, 266-271 pages, index UDK 661. 852:546. 41:616. 419