Bezushko A. V., Hasiuk P. A.

IMMUNOLOGICAL REACTIVITY IN THE CONDITION OF DEVELOPMENT OF PERIODONTITIS IN PATIENTS WITH GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE

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About the author:

Bezushko A. V., Hasiuk P. A.

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DENTISTRY

Type of article:

Scientific article

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The study of the functioning of the cellular immune system, the status of non-specific factors, and the humoral component of the immune response in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), as well as pathological processes in the periodontal tissues and oral mucosa, is crucial for understanding the mechanisms underlying the development of this comorbid pathology. The aim of the study was to identify and analyse potential changes in the immune system depending on the form of GERD, taking into account the condition of the oral mucosa and periodontal tissues. The study involved 65 patients with GERD, and the results were compared with those of a control group comprising 20 individuals without general somatic diseases and with clinically healthy periodontal tissues. The examined patients were divided into two groups based on the form of GERD: 47 individuals with the non-erosive form and 18 individuals with the erosive form of the disease. Taking into consideration the clinical differences in the condition of the peri- odontal tissues, patients with different forms of GERD were further subdivided into subgroups. In particular, among patients with non-erosive GERD, 12 individuals were included in the group with clinically healthy periodontium (non-erosive GERD I), and 35 individuals were included in the group with diagnosed catarrhal gingivitis (non-erosive GERD II). Among patients with the erosive form, 8 had catarrhal gingivitis (erosive GERD I), while 10 suffered from generalised periodontitis of grade I-II severity (erosive GERD II). It was established that in chronic generalised peri- odontitis against the background of gastroesophageal reflux disease, immunological changes occur, manifested by an imbalance in the interaction between non-specific resistance factors and the immune response, suppression of key components of immunity, as well as a decrease in the activity of the autonomous local immune system.

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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», Issue 2,177, 481-489 pages, index UDC 616.311.2/.314.17-002:616.33-008.17-06:612.017.1

DOI:

10.29254/2077-4214-2025-2-177-481-489