Berezhna V. A.

CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Scentific article

Abstract. Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) remains a problem in modern obstetrics. The main cause of IUGR is the placental factor in which it is important to note the immune processes. Immune cells are present in all stages of pregnancy and are directly related to angiogenic factors. Angiogenic factors such as transforming growth factor β1 and soluble endoglin (TGF-β1 and sENG) play a key role in the formation of a normal feto-placental complex. Despite the available research methods, the search for new, earlier and reliable methods for diagnosing IUGR is still ongoing. Investigating angiogenic factors that regulate embryogenesis and placentation in pregnant women with IUGR will allow in-depth study of this complication and establish criteria for early diagnosis. Purpose: to investigate the levels of TGF-β1 and sENG in the blood of pregnant women with intrauterine growth retardation. Results: in the group of women with IUGR during pregnancy, upon repeated determination, the concentration of TGF-β1 decreases 2 times (p=0.000001), and the level of concentration of sENG, on the contrary, increases 1.3 times (p=0.00001) compared to baseline performance. It was determined that the level of concentration of TGF-β1 is significantly 3 times lower in women in the IUGR group than in women in the comparison group (p=0.000001). Whereas, the level of sENG concentration is significantly 3 times higher in women in the main group than in women in the comparison group (p=0.00001). Upon repeated detection, the level of TGF-β1 concentration was significantly higher in women who gave birth to children with IUGR preterm than in women who gave birth to children with IUGR on term. The level of sENG concentration at the initial determination was significantly higher, and upon repeated determination, on the contrary, it was significantly lower in women who gave birth to children with IUGR preterm than in women who gave birth to children with IUGR on term. Conclusions: A decrease in the level of TGF-β1 and an increase in the level of sENG in the blood of pregnant women indicate the formation of IUGR and can be recommended as an early diagnostic marker of not only IUGR, but also the birth of children preterm.

intrauterine growth retardation, IUGR, transforming growth factor β1, and soluble endoglin.

1. Marushko RV, Dudina ОО. Suchasni aspekty perynatalʹnoyi smertnosti v Ukrayini. Ukrayinsʹkyy zhurnal perynatolohiyi ta pediatriyi. 2020;2(82):76-85. doi: 10.15574/PP.2020.82.76. [in Ukrainian].
2. Rohach IM, Keretzman AO, Hadzheha II. Ohlyad dynamiky demohrafichnoyi sytuatsiyi v ukrayini ta yiyi rehionakh na foni krayin yes ta svitu : problemy ta perspektyvy. Naukovo-praktychnyy zhurnal dlya pediatriv ta likariv zahalʹnoyi praktyky − simeynoyi medytsyny. 2019;2(44):49–56. doi: 10.24144/1998-64752019.44.49-56. [in Ukrainian].
3. Mifsud W, Sebire NJ. Placental pathology in early-onset and late-onset fetal growth restriction. Fet Diagn Ther. 2014;36(2):117–28. doi: 10.1159/0003599 69.
4. Hayward CE, Lean S, Sibley CP, Jones RL, Wareing M, Greenwood SL et al. Placental adaptation: What can we learn from Birthweight: placental weight ratio? Front Physiol. 2016;7(28):1–13. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2016. 00028.
5. Benton SJ, McCowan LM, Heazell AEP, Grynspan D, Hutcheon JA, Senger C. Placental growth factor as a marker of fetal growth restriction caused by placental dysfunction. Placenta. 2016;42:1–8. doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2016. 03. 010.
6. Hernandez-Valencia M, Zarate A, Ochoa R, Fonseca ME, Amato D, Ortiz MDJ. Insulin-like growth factor I, epidermal growth factor and transforming growth factor beta expression and their association with intrauterine fetal growth retardation, such as development during human pregnancy. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism. 2001;3(6):457–462. doi:10.1046/j.1463-1326.2001.00168.x.
7. Li X, Shen L, Tan H. Polymorphisms and plasma level of transforming growth factor-beta 1 and risk for preeclampsia: A systematic review. PLoS One. 2014;9(5):e97230. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0097230.
8. Gaccioli F, Aye ILMH, Sovio U, Charnock-Jones DS, Smith GCS. Screening for fetal growth restriction using fetal biometry combined with maternal biomarkers. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2018;218(2):S725–37; doi: 10.1016/j.ajog. 2017.12.002.
9. Gromova AM, Berezhna VA. Etiologicheskiye i patogeneticheskiye aspekty zaderzhki vnutriutrobnogo razvitiya. Visnyk Ukrayinsʹkoyi medychnoyi stomatolohichnoyi akademiyi «Aktualʹni problemy suchasnoyi medytsyny». 2018;3(63):301-307. [in Ukrainian].
10. Ernst SA, Brand T, Reeske A, Spallek J, Petersen K, Zeeb H. Care-Related and Maternal Risk Factors Associated with the Antenatal Nondetection of Intrauterine Growth Restriction: A Case-Control Study from Bremen, Germany. Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:1746146. doi: 10.1155 / 2017/1746146.
11. Yamamoto R, Ishii K, Nakajima E, Sasahara J, Mitsuda N. Ultrasonographic prediction of antepartum deterioration of growth-restricted fetuses after late preterm. J Obstet Gynaeс Res. 2018;44(6):1057–62. doi: 10.1111/jog.13626.
12. Kienast C, Moya W, Rodriguez O, Jijo´n A, Geipel A. Predictive value of angiogenic factors, clinical risk factors and uterine artery Doppler for pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction in second and third trimester pregnancies in an Ecuadorian population. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2016;29(4):537–43. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2015.1012063.
13. Singh M, Orazulike NC, Ashmore J, Konje JC. Changes in maternal serum transforming growth factor beta-1 during pregnancy: A crosssectional study. Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:1-5. doi: 10.1155/2013/318464.
14. Darmochwal-Kolarz D, Michalak M, Kolarz B, Przegalinska-Kalamucka M, Bojarska-Junak A, Sliwa D et al. The Role of Interleukin-17, Interleukin-23, and Transforming Growth Factor- β in Pregnancy Complicated by Placental Insufficiency. Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:1-5. doi:10.1155/2017/6904325.
15. Nanjo S, Minami S, Mizoguchi M, Yamamoto M, Yahata T, Toujima S et al. Levels of serum-circulating angiogenic factors within 1 week prior to delivery are closely related to conditions of pregnant women with pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension, and/or fetal growth restriction. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2017;43(12):1805–14. doi:10.1111/jog.13452.
16. Jahromi AS, Sanie MS, Yusefi A, Zabetian H, Zareian P, Hakimelahi H, et al. Association of Tumor Growth Factor-β and Interferon-γ Serum Levels With Insulin Resistance in Normal Pregnancy. Glob J Health Sci. 2015;8(6):25–32. doi:10.5539/gjhs.v8n6p25.
17. Vinayagam V, Bobby Z, Habeebullah S, Chaturvedula L, Bharadwaj SK. Maternal and cord blood plasma sEng and TGF-β1 in patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: A pilot study in a South Indian population.Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2017;11(3):QC32–4. doi: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/ 22790.9600.

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 1 (159), 2021 year, 23-26 pages, index UDK 618.33-071

10.29254/2077-4214-2021-1-159-23-26