Palladina O. L., Kaliga A. M.

DIFFERENCES IN THE MICROBIOME OF ATHLETES DEPENDING ON THE MECHANISM OF ENERGY SUPPLY OF MUSCLE ACTIVITY

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About the author:

Palladina O. L., Kaliga A. M.

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LITERATURE REVIEWS

Type of article:

Scientific article

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The human gut microbiome significantly impacts physiological and biochemical processes in the human body, including metabolism and the immune system. In athletes, it may also contribute to increased adaptive capacity and endurance and improve athletic performance. So far, there are a few studies on the microbiome of athletes in different sports, most of which investigate differences between athletes and non-athletes. This study aims to determine the difference in the microbial composition of the intestines of athletes depending on the type of energy supply for muscle activity. The results of studies showing changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiome in athletes of various sports, including aerobic and anaerobic energy supply of muscle activity, were reviewed in detail. A comparative analysis of both common and unique bacterial species characteristic of athletes with both aerobic and anaerobic energy supplies, as well as control groups of people (non-athletes), was conducted. Numerous studies have noted an increase in faecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) of microbial origin in athletes, which can be substrates for gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis and control the expression of large intestine genes involved in the immune response. The faecal samples of marathon runners were enriched in Veillonella atypica, a species capable of metabolising lactate into acetate and propionate of SCFAs using methylmalonyl-CoA. The Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio has been shown to be associated with a higher VO₂max when it increases. The data obtained vary depending on the study design and the number of participants, which indicates significant difficulties in determining the biodiversity of the athletes' microbiome and identifying differences depending on the type of energy supply of muscle activity, which may be associated with many physiological and biochemical factors. Nevertheless, the findings highlight the potential link between the gut microbiota and different types of energy supply for muscle activity during exercise and indicate a symbiotic relationship in the adaptation of these physiological systems.

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Bibliography:

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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2024 Issue 2, 173, 95-102 pages, index UDC 612.015.3:612.336.3:796.01

DOI:

10.29254/2077-4214-2024-2-173-95-102