Ostrovska S. S., Abramov S. V., Baibakov V. M., Antonova O. V., Markhon N. O., Khmel O. S., Konovalova O. S.

ANTIOXIDANT EFFECTS OF SELENIUM IN THE TOXIC EFFECT OF CADMIUM (REVIEW OF FOREIGN LITERATURE)

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Ostrovska S. S., Abramov S. V., Baibakov V. M., Antonova O. V., Markhon N. O., Khmel O. S., Konovalova O. S.

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LITERATURE REVIEWS

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Scientific article

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Cadmium (Cd) is one of the main toxic and most widespread heavy metals (HM) affecting public health. Work with Cd pigments, plastic, glass, metal alloys and electrode material in nickel-cadmium batteries, as well as non-occupational exposures such as food, water and cigarette smoke, causes Cd to be absorbed from the environment into the body through the pulmonary and enteric routes, which affects the liver, kidneys, vascular, nervous, reproductive and other organ systems. Scientific studies have shown that the basis of Cd polytropic toxicity is oxidative stress (OS) due to excessive formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which leads to cell dysfunction, necrosis or apoptosis. Using natural compounds with antioxidant properties is relevant and essential because natural biologically active compounds are safe and have a positive anti-inflammatory and anti-tumour effect on the body, reducing the adverse effects of toxicants, including Cd. Dietary antioxidants, including selenium (Se), are ingested with food and have an antagonistic effect against Cd-induced carcinogenesis and epigenome disorders, manifested in the mitigating impact of pathological changes. Se does not occur in nature in its pure form, only in the form of any compounds (most often sulfides). Its content in various foods is given. The leader in Se content is Brazil nuts, but the fruit's chemical composition depends on the tree's age, which can live up to 500 years. Se supplementation has proven to be effective against drug side effects, but the narrow range between therapeutic and toxic doses of Se, as well as the dependence of its impact on the form used, dose and method of treatment, makes the choice of an effective supplement a difficult issue. The most recent research concerns its nanoparticles (SeNP), which are a promising new food additive due to their ability to gradually release Se. When ingested internally, SeNP and Si-SeNP demonstrate anti-cancer and antimicrobial properties that can contribute to human health not only as food supplements but also as therapeutic agents.

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Bibliography:

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Publication of the article:

«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2023 Issue 4, 171, 47-54 pages, index UDC 546.48:612,014.46:546,23:616-085

DOI:

10.29254/2077-4214-2023-4-171-47-54