Sarakhman D. M., Lapovets L. Ye., Tkachuk S. O., Akimova V. M., Vorontsova L. L., Rafalіuk S. Ya., Kozopas N. M.
CONTENT OF INTERLEUKINS 33 AND 10 IN THE AQUEOUS HUMOR OF THE ANTERIOR CHAMBER IN DIABETIC RETINOPATHY
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About the author:
Sarakhman D. M., Lapovets L. Ye., Tkachuk S. O., Akimova V. M., Vorontsova L. L., Rafalіuk S. Ya., Kozopas N. M.
Heading:
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
Type of article:
Scientific article
Annotation:
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common microvascular complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and a leading cause of visual impairment in working-age adults. Chronic hyperglycaemia damages the retinal microvas culature, resulting in oedema, ischaemia and pathological neovascularisation. Cytokine markers and their ratios are increasingly recognised as tools for the early diagnosis and personalised treatment of DR. The aim of this study was to assess the role of interleukins IL-33 and IL-10 in the pathogenesis of DR in patients with T2DM, with the intention of improving prediction, enabling early diagnosis and optimising preventive and therapeutic strategies. Sixty patients aged 35-65 years with confirmed DR were included in the study and divided into decompensated and compensated diabetes groups. Aqueous humour samples were collected during scheduled surgeries and IL-33 and IL-10 concentrations were measured using ELISA. Statistical analysis was performed using standard methods, with p<0.05 being considered significant. While absolute IL-33 and IL- 10 levels did not differ between the two groups, the IL-33 / IL-10 ratio was found to be 30% lower and the IL-10 / IL-33 ratio 60% higher in the decompensated group compared to the compensated group (p<0.05). These results suggest a shift towards relative IL-10 enhancement and pro-inflammatory activity, indicating changes in immune regulation and inflammatory processes within the anterior chamber of the eye despite no significant alterations in absolute cytokine levels. The study suggests that decompen sated diabetes is associated with altered relative activity of pro-inflammatory and regulatory immune mechanisms, and that the IL-33 / IL-10 ratio may serve as a prognostic marker for DR progression, helping to guide personalised preventive and therapeutic strategies in T2DM.
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Bibliography:
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Publication of the article:
«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine», 2026 Issue 1, 180, 336-342 pages, index UDC 617.735:616.379-008.64
